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Zinc-indiffused MgO:PPLN waveguides for blue/UV generation via VECSEL pumping

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Abstract

We present the design and characterization of a zinc-indiffused periodically poled lithium-niobate ridge waveguide for second-harmonic generation of ${\sim}{390}\;{\rm nm}$ light from 780 nm. We use a newly developed, broadband near-infrared vertical external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL) to investigate the potential for lower-footprint nonlinear optical pump sources as an alternative to larger commercial laser systems. We demonstrate a VECSEL with an output power of 500 mW, containing an intracavity birefringent filter for spectral narrowing and wavelength selection. In this first demonstration of using a VECSEL to pump a nonlinear waveguide, we present the ability to generate 1 mW of ${\sim}{390}\;{\rm nm}$ light with further potential for increased efficiency and size reduction.

Published by The Optical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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Figures (7)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Fabrication process flow of the zinc-indiffused PPLN waveguides.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a) Mode field diameters of zinc-indiffusion planar layers versus metallic layer thickness and indiffusion temperature. (b) Example scanning electron micrograph in backscatter detection mode of a PPLN ridge waveguide.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. PPLN waveguide phase-matching spectrum characterization performed through lock-in amplification detection at room temperature. Inset shows the output profile of the 780 nm mode propagating in this waveguide.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. VECSEL cavity configuration and the position of the PPLN waveguide in the setup, which is utilized as an extra-cavity component.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. (a) Power output of the VECSEL as a function of incident power, with and without the BRF, and spatial intensity profile of the laser emission. Here, we measure the power after all pump delivery optics and account for the calculated Fresnel reflection at the SiC-air surface. This inset displays an example optical spectrum of the laser in operation with the BRF included. Shoulders in the spectrum occur at approximately -20 dB of the spectral peak power. (b) Beam profile of the collimated output of the VECSEL.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Temperature sweep of the phase-matching spectrum pumped with the VECSEL.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. SHG power as a function of pump throughput power for low pump powers. Taken via attenuation of the VECSEL beam directly after the output coupling mirror.

Equations (1)

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Λ = 2 π Δ β ,
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