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Quasi-phase-matched self-pumped optical parametric oscillation in a micro-resonator

Simon J. Herr, Christoph S. Werner, Karsten Buse, and Ingo Breunig

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

Lasing and self-pumped optical parametric oscillation (self-OPO) are achieved in a high-Q whispering-gallery-mode micro-resonator, made of neodymium-doped lithium niobate. A laser process providing 5 mW output power at 1.08 μm wavelength is sufficient to pump a self-OPO process within the same high-Q cavity. At 6 mW lasing output power, the sum of signal and idler output powers exceeds 1.2 mW. The wavelength of the generated light ranges from 1.5 to 3.8 μm. Phase matching is provided by a radial quasi-phase-matching structure, which is generated by a current-controlled calligraphic poling technique. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a quasi-phase-matched self-pumped nonlinear optical process in a micro-resonator, as well as the first self-OPO in a micro-resonator. The concept bears the potential for a highly integrated and wavelength-tunable coherent light source at low cost.

© 2018 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

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Figures (3)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Tuning curves for OPOs, pumped at 1084 nm wavelength in a WGR made from MgO:LN with 262 radial domain lines. The major radius R and the minor radius r are 1 mm and 0.25 mm, respectively. The transversal mode numbers p and q of pump, signal, and idler WGMs have a strong influence onto the tuning behavior of a WGR-based OPO. The dotted lines refer to M = 261, the solid ones to M = 262, and the dashed lines to M = 263.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 (a) Quasi-phase-matching structure after domain selective etching under dark field illumination. Domain walls appear as bright lines. The dotted circle marks the anticipated shape of the WGR. The solid circle refer to the trajectories of the fs-laser for cutting out the WGR preform. The central cross serves as a spatial reference mark. (b) Magnification of the marked square in part (a). (c) Work flow of the WGR fabrication. (d) Experimental setup. Dichroic mirrors (DM) and a beam splitter (BS) steer the light beams to the power detectors and the spectrometer. (e) Photograph of the WGR on a brass post with coupling prism.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Normalized spectra of all observed self-OPO processes. The numbers indicate signal and idler wavelength pairs. The values above the spectrometer cut-off wavelength of 2.55 μm are calculated values.

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Equations (1)

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m p = m s + m i + M .
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