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Beam-angle-scanning surface plasmon resonance sensor for rapid, high-precision sensing of refractive index and bio-molecules

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Abstract

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors are powerful tools for optical sensing of refractive index (RI) and bio-molecules due to their high sensitivity. In this article, we demonstrate a beam-angle-scanning SPR system using a combined galvanometer mirror and relay lens optics. Use of a photodetector in the galvanometer mirror scanning of the incident beam angle enables both high precision and rapid data acquisition. RI resolution of 2.306×10−5 refractive index unit (RIU) and RI accuracy of 8.984×10−5 RIU were achieved at a data acquisition rate of 100 Hz. Furthermore, we performed real-time monitoring of the avidin-biotin antigen-antibody reaction. The results show the high potential of this beam-angle-scanning SPR system.

© 2022 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement

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Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Figures (6)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Experimental setup. Laser, He-Ne laser; L1 and L2, lenses; P, Glan-Taylor polarizer; GM, single-axis galvanometer mirror; RL1, RL2, RL3, and RL4, relay lenses; PD, photodetector; DAQ, data acquisition board; WG, waveform generator.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Comparison of SPR dip spectra between experimental data and theoretical curve. A sample is air (RI = 1 RIU).
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Angular spectra of SPR dip at a data acquisition rate of 1 Hz, 10 Hz, and 100 Hz when a sample is air (RI = 1 RIU).
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. (a) Angle-SPR spectrum, (b) the corresponding sensorgram, and (c) the corresponding relation between sample RI and θSPR in RI sensing of ethanol/water samples with different mixing ratios. (d) Reproducibility of RI sensing when five different ethanol/water samples were measured.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Sensorgram of θSPR in the avidin-biotin interaction when the molar concentration of avidin was increased from 1 nM to 10 µM.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Angle-SPR spectrum of the pure water measured using (a) the GM-based beam-scanning angle-SPR mode and (b) the multi-channel angle-SPR mode. Experimental data and the corresponding fitting curve were indicated as a red line and a blue one, respectively. Residual of reflectance between the experimental data and the fitting curve in (c) the GM-based beam-scanning angle-SPR mode and (d) the multi-channel angle-SPR mode.

Tables (1)

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Table 1. Comparison of specification among the GM-based beam-scanning angle-SPR mode, the DMD-based beam-scanning angle-SPR mode, and a commercialized multi-channel angle-SPR mode

Equations (1)

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R I = 1.3317 + 2.8 × 10 4 × E C .
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