Abstract

Among environmental effects, dissipation allows the stabilization of quantum resources, a fact that may accomplish key advantages over unitary quantum state manipulation. In this paper, we study an open quantum system composed of $N$ two-mode Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs), namely, BEC qubits, interacting with their environments. Usually, the coupling of a system with its environment results in a dissipation process that washes out the quantum effects, but the environment may also play exactly the opposite role. Here, we show that the coupling of a BEC qubit with its local environments can be exploited to establish dissipative state engineering and dissipative quantum computation. Also, we discuss how to generate entanglement and transfer it using such macroscopic BEC qubits. Generally, the couplings can be manipulated such that the system is driven to a desired steady state. We demonstrate that the steady state of a BEC qubit just depends on the tunneling strength between its two modes and the features of the local environments. By preparing the proper physical conditions and adjusting the parameters involved in the model, it can be shown that the steady state of the system may coincide with its initial state. Also, the interaction between the BEC qubits and local environments can be engineered to provide physically controlled single- and two-qubit operations, which are necessary for performing dissipative universal quantum computation. With the prosperous development of quantum computing, such a system can be employed to implement quantum computers based on non-unitary operations.

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