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Optica Publishing Group
  • Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics
  • OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2002),
  • paper CTuE1

Room Temperature Operation of Distributed Feedback AlGaAs/GaAs Quantum Cascade Lasers

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Abstract

Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs)1–3 are powerful light emitters in the mid infrared. The strong light emission in this spectral region is interesting for chemical sensing.4 in this work, we intent to present our latest results on the improvement of GaAs based chirped superlattice QCLs. Page et al.5 demonstrated room temperature operation of GaAs/AlGaAs QGLs based on a three-well design by using an Al-content of 45% for the barriers. The Γ-Γ band offset of =390 meV is large enough to prevent leakage current into the continuum, and the X-X confined states are higher in energy than the Pr confined states. The active material of our structure consists of 40 periods of an AIGaAs/GaAs chirped superlattice with an Al content of 45% in the barriers and is designed for an emission wavelength of 12.5 μm. The main advantages of chirped superlattice QCLs are the intrinsic population inversion and the high oscillator strength of the radiative transition between two minibands, which allowed the first time continuous wave operation of GaAs based QCLs.6 A double plasmon enhanced waveguide is used for vertical optical confinement while lateral electrical and optical confinement is achieved by deep etched ridges. The laser material is grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy. We fabricated Fabry Perot lasers as well as first order distributed feedback (DFB) lasers. DFB lasers offer the advantage of a single mode emission spectra where the emission wavelength is continuously tunable by the temperature. A rigorously on-resonant Floquet-Bloch analysis of the waveguide grating problem7 was used to design the grating geometry and the cladding layer thickness. The Bragg grating is defined by contact lithography and etched into the surface of the top cladding layer, thus avoiding the need of regrowth. The whole grating region is covered with gold, resulting in a large contact area. The coupling coefficient is of the order of 60 cm−1, which allows the realization of short lasers.

© 2002 Optical Society of America

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