Abstract

The use of nonlinear optical techniques in microscopy has intensified the versatility of optical methods to explore biological samples at microscopic resolution. In addition to multiphoton excited fluorescence, coherent four-wave-mixing (FWM) optical methods like third harmonic generation (THG)¹ and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS)², have been adopted in microscope configurations. The application of coherent FWM techniques with high spatial resolution has paved the way for the possible implementation of a broad spectrum of spectroscopic tools in microscopy.

© 2000 IEEE