Abstract
The Lanthanide metals gadolium (Gd) and terbium (Tb) are prototypical local-moment ferromagnets. In these systems the magnetic moment derives predominantly from the partial occupancy of the localized 4f core electronic levels. Alignment of the magnetic moments between adjacent atoms in the lattice occurs by spin polarization of the itinerant 5d and 6s valence electrons in an indirect exchange (Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida) interaction.
© 2011 Optical Society of America
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