Abstract
Optical vortices [1,2] carry an annular spatial profile and an orbital angular momentum of ℓħ (where ℓ is the topological charge) per photon, owing to the phase singularity. In particular, optical vortices enable the creation of nanoscale chiral structures in various materials, such as azo-polymers [3,4], silicon, and metal. Such chiral nanostructures formation strongly desires compact visible vortex sources and their selective handedness (the sign of the topological charge) control.
© 2019 IEEE
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