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Diffractive properties of gelatin as an aerogel

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Abstract

Shankoff had discovered that dichromated gelatin could have an index modulation as high as .26 as far back as 19681 and Meyerhofer showed that this implied a reduction of effective index of refraction (n) from 1.54 to 1.27 as well as explaining the increase in thickness (T) of a developed hologram of from 1.3 to 1.4 times the original thickness before exposure.2 The results or effects of the expansion are touched on but the implications of the change in bulk index are not discussed at all. Figure 1 shows the usual result of making a transmission grating with slanted planes, the developed hologram will playback at an angle that indicates that the planes have changed to a smaller angle due simply to the expansion of the film. This is also the special case where the light makes a 90 degree turn in the grating and no P polarized light can be diffracted. If only the planes were tipped then the internal angle of 90 degrees would be approximately maintained in spite of a changed external angle but in fact the angle changes to an angle less than 90 degrees because as the bulk index went down the effective spatial frequency went up and P light is still diffracted at lambda 1. 45 degree slants are difficult.

© 1992 Optical Society of America

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