Abstract

Until recently… Networks relied near exclusively on intensity modulation and direct detection (IM-DD) – Optical phase was managed for transport and jettisoned at O/E conversion • Chirp, dispersion map – Polarization was mana g ed for transport • Single polarization • Limit PMD and PDL – Amplitude was detected nonlinearly (square law detection) • Nonlinear channel Such provides good network solutions over continental and oceanic reaches with network spectral e ff iciencies ( N S Es ) rarely in excess of 0.2 and capacity per electro-optic rarely more than 10G

© 2011 Optical Society of America