Abstract

In regard to the aberration theory, we have two possible approaches; Buchdahl's quasi-invariant method¹⁾, and Herzberger's point eikonal method²⁾. Both methods utilize the derivations of the fifth order and higher order aberration theories for homogeneous optical systems.

P.J. Sands applied extensively the quasi-invariant method to inhomogeneous lenses, and established the practical third order aberration theory⁴⁾.

© 1984 Optical Society of America