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Guided-Wave Magnetooptic Bragg Diffraction Efficiency Enhancement Using Nonuniform Bias Magnetic Field*

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Abstract

Magnetoopic (MO) interactions between guided-optical waves and magnetostatic waves (MSWs) in a suitable magnetic substrate such as the yttrium iron garnet-gadolinium gallium garnet (YIG-GGG) waveguides [ 11 has continued to be a subject of considerable interest [2]. MSW can be readily and efficiently generated by applying a microwave signal to a microstrip line transducer, deposited directly on or brought over the YIG-GGG waveguide substrate. For the YIG-GGG waveguide substrate, the carrier frequency of the MSW can be tuned, typically from 0.5 to around 20 GHz, by simply varying an externa1 DC bias magnetic field. MO Bragg diffractions result from the moving optical gratings induced by the MSW through the Faraday and Cotton-Mouton effects [3] in a manner similar to guided-wave acoustooptic (AO) Bragg diffractions in which the surface acoustic waves (SAW) induce moving optical gratings through the photoelastic effects [4]. In analogy with the AO Bragg cells, the resulting MO modulators are called the MO Bragg cells [SI. Such YIG-GGG-based MO Bragg cells have demonstrated the following unique advantages in comparison to their AO counterparts: (1) A large range of tunable carrier frequency (0.5 to around 20 GHz) may be obtained by varying the bias magnetic field. When used as a modulator such high and tunable carrier frequencies with the MO devices allow direct processing at the carrier frequency of wideband RF signals and, thus, eliminate the need for indirect processing via frequency down-conversion as is required with the AO devices, (2) A large MO bandwidth may be realized by means of a simpler transducer, and (3) much higher and electronically tunable modulation/switching and scanning speeds are achievable because the velocity of propagation for the MSWs can be higher than that of the SAWs by one to three orders of magnitude. Consequently, such MO Bragg cell modulators possess the potential for unique applications in wideband real-time RF signal processing and high-speed multiport optical switching. [2]

© 1996 Optical Society of America

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