Abstract
Biointerface – an interface between bio- and non-bio-material – has been of great importance for broad range of areas such as medical or bioanalytical applications. In fundamental neuroscience and biomedical research, for extracellular recording in conjunction with rapidly advanced nanoelectronics, electric signal at a cellular membrane surface is measured noninvasively, incurring less damage to the cell and thus longer recording time. In such signal recording, the geometry between cells and electrodes is one of the key factors, especially the distance of cell membranes from electrodes, i.e. cleft gap distance. Up to now, the technique such as fluorescence or electron microscopy is widely used to investigate the interface [1,2]. However, observations with those microscopes require complicated and laborious sample pretreatment, e.g. staining, fixation dehydration or cutting. Furthermore these pretreatment may cause sample damage.
© 2014 Japan Society of Applied Physics, Optical Society of America
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