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Strong-Field In-Plane Triple Ionization: Model Atom Time Dependence

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Abstract

Several recent, experiments have begun to probe the process of correlated-electron intense-field multiple ionization of atoms beyond two electrons [1]. Theoretical investigation of this process has barely begun [2] and any study using a fully quantum treatment will be substantially hindered by the necessity to include multiple-electron interactions. However, motivated by the success of a two-electron classical theory [3] in capturing the experimental features of double ionization, we here extend the theory to include a third electron [4] and explore the mechanism of intense-field triple ionization. In this 3e classical study. 1 million classical 3e trajectories are used to obtain the non-perturbative response of a 3e system exposed to a linearly polarized laser pulse. We discard the aligned electron approximation and extend the classical method to a plane that contains the polarization (x) axis and one transverse (y) axis. This extension allows us to illuminate the role of the nucleus along the transverse axis. The calculations are done using different 20fs 780nm laser pulses with laser intensities in the range of 1014 W/cm2 to 10lh W/cm2 . At the end of the pulse, we determine as a function of intensity the fraction of the 3e trajectories that are triply ionized. A theoretical “knee’’ structure is obtained for the triple ionization ion count. The “knee” is an indicator of strong e-e correlation in the process of triple ionization. We verify the existence of the multi-electron correlation by examining the history of the chaotic triply ionized trajectories. Despite the chaotic nature of the periodically driven non-linear interaction, a complex recollision mechanism is coherently displayed among the pathways to triple ionization. In the cases where the recolliding electron undergoes transverse displacement, a process of transverse collimation is observed. The nuclear force affects the electron with a series of weak impulses and these impulses produce step-like jumps in the transverse momentum. We will show comparison of our calculated momentum distributions with experimental distributions.

© 2006 Optical Society of America

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