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Complex waveguide trajectories induced by photorefractive solitons in LiNbO3: a step toward 3-D optical circuitry

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Abstract

We report on the realization of optical integrated circuits in 3-D using circular bright photorefractive spatial solitons in photonic-grade lithium niobate. Fabrication of curved waveguides, zero-radius-bend waveguides and 1-by-4 crossconnect circuit is described.

© 2005 Optical Society of America

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