Abstract
Broadband amplifiers for multi-channel applications in communications are uniquely challenging to measure. Both the gain spectrum and noise figure may be mismeasured if saturation effects such as spectral hole-burning and polarization hole-burning are ignored. Additionally, temperature dependence and double-Rayleigh scattering can be problems depending on the gain medium used. All of these effects and their implications for the use of various measurement techniques are discussed below for erbium-doped fiber amplifiers and Raman fiber amplifiers.
© 2000 Optical Society of America
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