Abstract
K+, Cs+, and Ag+ have been used for fabrication of single-mode ion-exchanged waveguides. Although Ag+ is convenient for the characterization of the diffusion process, it is not attractive for device fabrication because of low thermal stability.1 Cs+ diffusion requires an applied electric field and a long diffusion time.1 K+-Na+ exchange is less costly than the two above-mentioned exchange processes and does not have their disadvantages.
© 1987 Optical Society of America
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