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Why is there a set-size effect in visual search set?

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Abstract

In visual search, a set-size effect may be due to an attentional effect on perception or to several alternative effects. One alternative is a sensory effect such as masking and another is that attention may affect decision instead of perception. In simple search tasks such as detecting a long line among short lines, we have previously found the modest set-size effect predicted by an attentional effect on only decision. There was no evidence for any additional effect of attention on perception. To pursue this result, we investigated more complex search tasks that have been claimed to have larger attentional effects. They included tasks that required memory, tasks that used discrimination rather than detection, and tasks that used complex rather than simple shapes. Several of these tasks did yield larger set-size effects. The critical question is whether these larger set-size effects were due to an attentional effect on perception or due to one of the other possible causes.

© 1991 Optical Society of America

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