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Nonlinear optics: a historical perspective

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Abstract

Nonlinear material responses to electric and magnetic dc fields were known in the 19th century. Modulation of these effects to acoustic, radio-, and microwave frequencies followed in the first half of the 20th century. In 1961 Franken and coworkers demonstrated modulation at the light frequency itself, giving rise to second harmonic generation. After this epochal experiment, nonlinear optics experienced an explosive growth, stimulated by the stimulated emission in laser sources. The theoretical development also proceeded quickly, utilizing ideas developed in magnetic resonance. During the decade of the sixties the basic scientific ideas were well established. In the seventies the emphasis shifted to the development of materials and devices. During the eighties commercial developments incorporating nonlinear optics took shape.

© 1991 Optical Society of America

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