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Saturated absorption in acetylene and hydrogen cyanide in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers

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Abstract

Saturated absorption is studied in overtone transitions of C2H2 and H13CN molecules confined in the hollow core of a photonic bandgap fiber. The dynamics of filling and venting the fiber is markedly different for the two molecules owing to the presence of a permanent dipole moment in one of them. Saturation is observed for input power down to 10 mW, and well resolved Lamb dips limited by transit time broadening across the 10 μm core diameter are observed with a counter-propagating probe beam.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Experimental configuration for pump-probe configuration with two polarizing beamsplitters PBS1 and PBS2, a chopper CH inserted in the pump beam, a vacuum box with sapphire windows W1 and W2, a thin film beamsplitter BS, and two Ge detectors D1 and D2.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Average pressure in the fiber during filling and venting with acetylene. Left: Initial filling of 1.39 m fiber to 8.5 Pa, further filling to 149 Pa, and venting. Right: Filling of 6.35 m fiber to 20 Pa and venting.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Filling with hydrogen cyanide. Filled squares indicate the pressure external to the fiber with gas admitted in four steps. Open circles show the absorbance which represents the average pressure in the core of the fiber.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Peak absorbance for the 6.35 m fiber at 10 Pa (upper) and corresponding saturation power (lower) as a function of the exit power away from the absorption line.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Lamb dips in acetylene and hydrogen cyanide at an average power in the fiber of 30 mW. The insert shows from above the line center region at an average power of 6 mW, 20 mW, and 30 mW. The background structure is attributed to surface modes.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Pump absorption (upper graph), and Lamb dip (lower graph) in pump-probe configuration. The bottom trace shows the residual of a Lorentz fit.

Equations (5)

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I ( L ) = I ( 0 ) exp ( αL )
α = N S g ( ν ν 0 ) = p k T S g ( ν ν 0 )
d I d z = α I = α 0 I 1 + I I s
α 0 L = 2 ( 1 + I 0 / I s 1 + I L / I s ) + ln ( 1 + I L / I s + 1 ) ( 1 + I 0 / I s 1 ) ( 1 + I L / I s 1 ) ( 1 + I 0 / I s + 1 )
Δ ν = 0.444 u L
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