Abstract

Transoceanic submarine transmission systems based on Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifiers (EDFAs) will traverse the Atlantic Ocean in 1995 [1]. However, due to the absence of signal regeneration inside each repeater, cumulative effects limit system performance. Effects such as noise accumulation, non-linear interactions and chromatic dispersion contribute to degrade end-to-end performance. Other effects, such as polarization (PDL, PMD & PDG) are responsible for time-varying fluctuations in transmission performances [1,2]. One way to prevent the above-mentioned effects from degrading the system performance is to require strict component and system specifications (i.e., limited repeater spacing, limited EDFA output power,…).

© 1994 Optical Society of America