Abstract

With the demand for high bitrate transparent optical networks and increasing number of chan- nels in wavelength division multiplex (WDM) systems, the complexity of the optical layer is growing fast. More and more optical devices for bandpass filtering, multiplexing, demultiplexing, add/drop multiplexing and dispersion compensating are integrated into commercial systems. All these components give rise to distortions due to deviations from an ideal phase response, the group delay ripple (GDR).

© 2002 Optical Society of America