Abstract
A frequency standard based on an atomic fountain of cesium atoms may have an accuracy of 10−16 because of the longer interaction times and smaller anticipated systematic errors.1 All of the known systematic effects that now limit the accuracy of the Cs frequency standard increase either linearly or as some higher power of the atom’s velocity. The one systematic frequency shift that is dramatically different is the frequency shift due to the collisions between the laser-cooled atoms.
© 1993 Optical Society of America
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