Abstract
Photonic crystals are three-dimensional periodic dielectric structures where the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves can be forbidden for a certain range of frequencies.1-2 Early attempts to use these structures in applications like thresholdless semiconductor lasers and single-mode light-emitting diodes have suffered from the difficulties associated with fabricating sub-micron features needed to achieve a band gap at optical frequencies. On the other hand, fabricating photonic band gap (PBG) structures at microwave and millimeter-wave scales3 have been more successful, with numerous demonstrations of PBG-based applications like high directivity millimeter wave antennas, high-quality resonators, microwave cavities for accelerators, and efficient microwave reflectors.
© 1997 Optical Society of America
PDF ArticleMore Like This
E. Özbay, B. Temelkurao, M. Sigalas, G. Turtle, CM. Soukoulis, and K. M. Ho
QTuJ4 International Quantum Electronics Conference (IQEC) 1998
Burak Temelkuran and Ekmel Ozbay
QMB1 Quantum Optoelectronics (QOE) 1999
E. Özbay and G. Tuttle
UTUD4 Ultrafast Electronics and Optoelectronics (UEO) 1995