Abstract
A stable liquid/liquid optical waveguide (LLW) was formed using a sheath flow, where a
15% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution functioned as the core solution and water functioned as
the cladding solution (15% NaCl/water LLW). The LLW was at least 200 mm in length. The
concentration distributions of the liquid core and liquid cladding solutions in the LLW system
were predicted by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to validate the characteristics of the
waveguide. The broadening of the region of the fluorescence of Rhodamine B excited by the
guided light and the increase in the critical angle of the guided light with the increase in
the contact time of the core and the cladding solutions were well explained by CFD
calculations. However, no substantial leakage of the guided light was observed despite the
considerably large change in the refractive index profile of the LLW; thus, a narrower and
longer waveguide was realized.
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