Abstract

Monodisperse $\beta \text{-}{\mathrm{NaYF}}_4\text{:}1\%{\mathrm{Sm}}^{3+}$ nanoparticles were fabricated successfully via the thermal decomposition technique. Strong temperature dependence of the ${\mathrm{Sm}}^{3+}$ emission was observed when its thermally populated state ${}^6{\mathrm{H}}_{7/2}$ was directly excited to the ${}^4{\mathrm{G}}_{5/2}$ level. This strategy not only can eliminate laser heating and background Stokes-type scattering noise but also has a high quantum yield as a result of one-photon excitation process. Under 594.0 nm laser excitation, the emission intensity of ${}^4{\mathrm{G}}_{5/2}\text{-}{}^6{\mathrm{H}}_{5/2}$ enhances monotonously with rising temperature from 300 K to 430 K, including a physiological temperature range (27°C–60°C). The relative temperature sensitivity can reach $1.1\%{\mathrm{K}}^{-1}$ and $0.91\%{\mathrm{K}}^{-1}$ at 300 K and 330 K, respectively. In addition, the repeatability of temperature sensing was evaluated under several heating–cooling cycles, and the decay curves of the emission at 560.0 nm (${}^4{\mathrm{G}}_{5/2}\text{-}{}^6{\mathrm{H}}_{5/2}$) at different temperatures were also investigated. These results raise the prospects of monodisperse $\beta \text{-}{\mathrm{NaYF}}_4\text{:}1\%{\mathrm{Sm}}^{3+}$ nanoparticles for optical temperature sensing in biomedicine fields.

© 2018 Optical Society of America

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