Two-photon absorption measurements of deep UV transmissible materials at 213&#x2009;&#x2009;nm

S. Patankar; S. T. Yang; J. D. Moody; G. F. Swadling; A. C. Erlandson; A. J. Bayramian; D. Barker; P. Datte; R. L. Acree; B. Pepmeier; R. E. Madden; M. R. Borden; J. S. Ross

doi:10.1364/AO.56.008309

Applied Optics
Vol. 56,
Issue 30,
pp. 8309-8312
(2017)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.56.008309

Two-photon absorption measurements of deep UV transmissible materials at 213 nm

S. Patankar, S. T. Yang, J. D. Moody, G. F. Swadling, A. C. Erlandson, A. J. Bayramian, D. Barker, P. Datte, R. L. Acree, B. Pepmeier, R. E. Madden, M. R. Borden, and J. S. Ross

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S. Patankar, S. T. Yang, J. D. Moody, G. F. Swadling, A. C. Erlandson, A. J. Bayramian, D. Barker, P. Datte, R. L. Acree, B. Pepmeier, R. E. Madden, M. R. Borden, and J. S. Ross, "Two-photon absorption measurements of deep UV transmissible materials at 213 nm," Appl. Opt. 56, 8309-8312 (2017)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Lasers and Laser Optics
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Lasers, ultraviolet (140.3610)
- Optical materials (160.4670)
- Optical properties (160.4760)
- Multiphoton processes (190.4180)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: July 24, 2017
- Revised Manuscript: September 7, 2017
- Manuscript Accepted: September 18, 2017
- Published: October 12, 2017

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Abstract

We report on two-photon absorption measurements at 213 nm of deep UV transmissible media, including LiF, ${MgF}_{2}$ , ${CaF}_{2}$ , ${BaF}_{2}$ , sapphire ( ${Al}_{2} O_{3}$ ), and high-purity grades of fused-silica ( ${SiO}_{2}$ ). A high-stability 24 ps Nd:YAG laser operating at the 5th harmonic (213 nm) was used to generate a high-intensity, long-Rayleigh-length Gaussian focus inside the samples. The measurements of the fluoride crystals and sapphire indicate two-photon absorption coefficients between 0.004 and 0.82 cm/GW. We find that different grades of fused silica performed near identically for two-photon absorption; however, there are differences in linear losses associated with purity. A low two-photon absorption cross section is measured for ${MgF}_{2}$ , making it an ideal material for the propagation of high-intensity deep UV lasers.

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Material	Manufacturer	Sample Thickness/mm	Band Gap/eV	$n_{0}$ (213 nm)
LiF	Not known	7	13.6 [10]	1.4322
${MgF}_{2}$	Fairfield crystal	16.6	10.8 [9]	1.4161
${CaF}_{2}$	Hellma	10	10 [9]	1.4855
${BaF}_{2}$	Hellma	4.5	9.1 [9]	1.5438
Sapphire	Kyropolous- $α$	6.2	8.7 [11]	1.8887
FS—1AK	Heraeus	10.1	9 [12]	1.5352
FS—7980 (ArF)	Corning	10.1	9	1.5352
FS—8655	Corning	10.1	9	1.5352
FS—312	Heraeus	10.1	9	1.5352

Material	Manufacturer	Sample Thickness/mm	$α$ ${cm}^{- 1}$	$β$ cm/GW
LiF	Not known	7	0.044	$< 0.001$
${MgF}_{2}$	Fairfield crystal	16.6	0.002	$0.004 \pm 0.0004$
${CaF}_{2}$	Hellma	10	0.003	$0.30 \pm 0.03$
${BaF}_{2}$	Hellma	4.5	0.063	$0.86 \pm 0.09$
Sapphire	Kyropolous- $α$	6.2	0.170	$0.82 \pm 0.08$
FS—1AK	Heraeus	10.1	0.003	$0.82 \pm 0.08$
FS—7980 (ArF)	Corning	10.1	0.008	$0.76 \pm 0.08$
FS—8655	Corning	10.1	0.003	$0.79 \pm 0.08$
FS—312	Heraeus	10.1	0.005	$0.80 \pm 0.08$

Material	Manufacturer	Sample Thickness/mm	Band Gap/eV	$n_{0}$ (213 nm)
LiF	Not known	7	13.6 [10]	1.4322
${MgF}_{2}$	Fairfield crystal	16.6	10.8 [9]	1.4161
${CaF}_{2}$	Hellma	10	10 [9]	1.4855
${BaF}_{2}$	Hellma	4.5	9.1 [9]	1.5438
Sapphire	Kyropolous- $α$	6.2	8.7 [11]	1.8887
FS—1AK	Heraeus	10.1	9 [12]	1.5352
FS—7980 (ArF)	Corning	10.1	9	1.5352
FS—8655	Corning	10.1	9	1.5352
FS—312	Heraeus	10.1	9	1.5352

Material	Manufacturer	Sample Thickness/mm	$α$ ${cm}^{- 1}$	$β$ cm/GW
LiF	Not known	7	0.044	$< 0.001$
${MgF}_{2}$	Fairfield crystal	16.6	0.002	$0.004 \pm 0.0004$
${CaF}_{2}$	Hellma	10	0.003	$0.30 \pm 0.03$
${BaF}_{2}$	Hellma	4.5	0.063	$0.86 \pm 0.09$
Sapphire	Kyropolous- $α$	6.2	0.170	$0.82 \pm 0.08$
FS—1AK	Heraeus	10.1	0.003	$0.82 \pm 0.08$
FS—7980 (ArF)	Corning	10.1	0.008	$0.76 \pm 0.08$
FS—8655	Corning	10.1	0.003	$0.79 \pm 0.08$
FS—312	Heraeus	10.1	0.005	$0.80 \pm 0.08$

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