Astronomical monochromatic imaging as applied to the Io sodium cloud

Frank J. Murcray; Richard Goody

doi:10.1364/AO.17.003117

Applied Optics
Vol. 17,
Issue 19,
pp. 3117-3124
(1978)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.17.003117

Astronomical monochromatic imaging as applied to the Io sodium cloud

Frank J. Murcray and Richard Goody

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Frank J. Murcray and Richard Goody, "Astronomical monochromatic imaging as applied to the Io sodium cloud," Appl. Opt. 17, 3117-3124 (1978)

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Abstract

We compare four types of instruments for recording monochromatic astronomical images: filters; slitless spectrographs; multislit spectrographs; and interferometers. Each of these instruments has been used on the sodium emission cloud of Io, with varying degrees of success. Multislit spectrographs and interferometers encode the signal, and it can be extracted with a noise level close to that for photon statistics. This is not normally the case for filters and slitless spectrographs. On balance, we find that a Mach-Zehnder interferometer provides the best system for imaging faint monochromatic signals on a brighter continuum background.

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	M[S(x,y)]	R[B(x,y)]
Filter	S(x,y)	B(x,y)Δλ
Mach-Zehnder	$S (x, y) (1 + C sin \frac{2 π x}{g}) / 2$	B(x,y)Δλ/2
Multislit	$S (x, y) (1 + C sin \frac{2 π x}{g}) / 2$	Σ_iB(x,y)Δλ_i = B_effΔλ/2
Slitless	S(x,y)	$\int_{x - D Δ λ / 2}^{x + D Δ λ / 2} B (x^{'}, y) \frac{d x^{'}}{D} = B_{eff} Δ λ$
Modulation and dispersion are taken to be in the x direction. C is the fringe contrast. Δλ_i is the bandpass of the ith slit. B_eff is an average background intensity.

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