Infrared radiation emerging from smoke produced by brush fires

J. A. Weinman; Harshvardhan; W. S. Olson

doi:10.1364/AO.20.000199

Applied Optics
Vol. 20,
Issue 2,
pp. 199-206
(1981)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.20.000199

Infrared radiation emerging from smoke produced by brush fires

J. A. Weinman, Harshvardhan, and W. S. Olson

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J. A. Weinman, Harshvardhan, and W. S. Olson, "Infrared radiation emerging from smoke produced by brush fires," Appl. Opt. 20, 199-206 (1981)

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Abstract

This study presents the IR radiative transport properties of brush fire smoke clouds computed for a model with finite horizontal dimensions as well as the more common plane-parallel model. The finite model is a 3-D version of the two-stream approximation applied to cubic clouds of steam, carbon, and silicates. Assumptions are made with regard to the shape and size distributions of the smoke particles. It is shown that 11.5-μm radiometry can detect fires beneath smoke clouds if the path integrated mass density of the smoke is ≲3 g/m².

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Date	Location of sample	Particle concentration ρ(mg/m³)	Scattering coef-ak k_s (km⁻¹)	k_s/pρ (m²/g)	Tar %	Soot %	Ash a %
10/31/70	18.5 km from fire	0.37	1.44	3.89	59	39	2
	44.5 km from fire	0.32	1.46	4.56	60	34	5
11/09/70	16.7 km from fire	0.55	1.46	2.65	29	55	17
12/07/70	14.8 km from fire	0.78	2.22	2.85	51	11	38
	57.4 km from fire	0.20	1.17	5.85	54	2	44
12/09/70	Near fire	0.60	3.06	5.10	58	6	36
	Later, same location	1.09	4.80	4.40	60	5	36
12/11/70	5.6 km from fire	0.47	1.80	3.83	56	5	39
12/15/70	Near fire	0.88	4.11	4.67	56	34	10

a	Carbon	Glass	Water haze M	Cloud C-1
Albedo for single scatter	0.075	0.416	0.044	0.289
k/ρ (m²/g) extinction per unit mass	0.285	0.149	0.197	0.161
Double Henyey-Greenstein phase function parameters
b	1	0.896	0.887	1
g₁	0.175	0.641	0.412	0.842
g₂	—	0.040	0.449	—

ρ $\overset{}{Z}$* (g/m²)	Carbon	Glass	Haze M	Cloud C-1
μ = 0.974
0.316	37.5	36.9	37.4	37.1
1.00	38.9	37.0	38.5	37.8
3.16	42.1	37.9	41.2	39.8
10.0	45.5	40.9	45.1	43.6
31.6	46.1	43.9	46.4	46.2
μ = 0.679
0.316	37.7	36.9	37.6	37.2
1.00	39.6	37.1	39.1	38.2
3.16	43.1	38.3	42.4	40.6
10.0	45.6	41.4	45.8	44.5
31.6	45.8	43.3	46.3	46.0
μ = 0.149
0.316	40.0	35.1	39.7	37.5
1.00	43.2	33.8	43.1	39.1
3.16	44.6	34.4	45.4	41.5
10.0	44.7	35.3	45.6	42.2
31.6	44.7	35.6	45.7	42.3

Date	Location of sample	Particle concentration ρ(mg/m³)	Scattering coef-ak k_s (km⁻¹)	k_s/pρ (m²/g)	Tar %	Soot %	Ash a %
10/31/70	18.5 km from fire	0.37	1.44	3.89	59	39	2
	44.5 km from fire	0.32	1.46	4.56	60	34	5
11/09/70	16.7 km from fire	0.55	1.46	2.65	29	55	17
12/07/70	14.8 km from fire	0.78	2.22	2.85	51	11	38
	57.4 km from fire	0.20	1.17	5.85	54	2	44
12/09/70	Near fire	0.60	3.06	5.10	58	6	36
	Later, same location	1.09	4.80	4.40	60	5	36
12/11/70	5.6 km from fire	0.47	1.80	3.83	56	5	39
12/15/70	Near fire	0.88	4.11	4.67	56	34	10

a	Carbon	Glass	Water haze M	Cloud C-1
Albedo for single scatter	0.075	0.416	0.044	0.289
k/ρ (m²/g) extinction per unit mass	0.285	0.149	0.197	0.161
Double Henyey-Greenstein phase function parameters
b	1	0.896	0.887	1
g₁	0.175	0.641	0.412	0.842
g₂	—	0.040	0.449	—

Abstract

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Equations (21)

Applied Optics