Traveling wave amplitude modulator with 1-GHz bandwidth for coherent light optical communication

S. R. Adhav; R. S. Adhav; H. van de Vaart

doi:10.1364/AO.20.000867

Applied Optics
Vol. 20,
Issue 5,
pp. 867-871
(1981)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.20.000867

Traveling wave amplitude modulator with 1-GHz bandwidth for coherent light optical communication

S. R. Adhav, R. S. Adhav, and H. van de Vaart

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S. R. Adhav, R. S. Adhav, and H. van de Vaart, "Traveling wave amplitude modulator with 1-GHz bandwidth for coherent light optical communication," Appl. Opt. 20, 867-871 (1981)

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Abstract

Two elettrooptic materials, deuterated cesium dihydrogen arsenate (D-CDA, CsD₂AsO₄) and lithium tantalate (LiTaO₃), are examined for the application of a traveling wave-type coherent light modulator. The main design goals are (a) low drive power of 4 W for 10% linear amplitude modulation; (b) ±3-dB bandwidth of 1 GHz; and (c) 50-Ω impedance. Experimental performance based on theoretical expectations are presented for both materials. Using a microwave network analyzer, the results indicate that the D-CDA modulator gives better performance with a VSWR of 1.06 as compared with the LiTaO₃ modulator figure of 1.23. Direct Current contrast ratio measurements for D-CDA and LiTaO₃ were 50:1 and 20:1, respectively.

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Material	T_C K	K₃₃ Dielectric constant	Electrooptic coefficient × 10⁻¹² M/V	Loss tangent tanδ₃₃	V_λ/2 for transverse modulation at 632.8 nm (kV)	Index of refraction	Temperature coefficient of birefringence
D-KDP	222	50	r₆₃ = 26.4	0.0075	7.0	n₀ = 1.506	0.70 × 10⁻⁵
						n_e = 1.467	per °C
D-CDA	223	61	r₆₃ = 36.6	0.3800	4.5	n₀ = 1.562	0.78 × 10⁻⁵
						n_e = 1.543	per °C
LiTaO₃	890	43	r₃₃ = 30.4	0.0020	2.6	n₀ = 2.175	4.7 × 10⁻⁵
			r₁₃ = 6.9			n_e = 2.180	per °C

Modulation depth (%)	Maximum intensity I₀/I_opk	η
0	0.5	0
5	0.525	0.01592
10	0.55	0.03188
20	0.6	0.06409
30	0.65	0.09698
40	0.7	0.13099
50	0.75	0.1666
60	0.8	0.2048
70	0.85	0.2468
80	0.9	0.2952
90	0.95	0.3564
100	1.0	0.5000

Crystal	N	W (mm)	a (mm)	b (mm)	L (mm)	Bandwidth	V
D-KDP	2.4	21	2	6.7	83.4	1.008	560
D-CDA	3.1	14	2	5.73	45.0	1.06	560
LiTaO₃	5.72	2.6	2	2	9.17	2.28	560

Material	T_C K	K₃₃ Dielectric constant	Electrooptic coefficient × 10⁻¹² M/V	Loss tangent tanδ₃₃	V_λ/2 for transverse modulation at 632.8 nm (kV)	Index of refraction	Temperature coefficient of birefringence
D-KDP	222	50	r₆₃ = 26.4	0.0075	7.0	n₀ = 1.506	0.70 × 10⁻⁵
						n_e = 1.467	per °C
D-CDA	223	61	r₆₃ = 36.6	0.3800	4.5	n₀ = 1.562	0.78 × 10⁻⁵
						n_e = 1.543	per °C
LiTaO₃	890	43	r₃₃ = 30.4	0.0020	2.6	n₀ = 2.175	4.7 × 10⁻⁵
			r₁₃ = 6.9			n_e = 2.180	per °C

Modulation depth (%)	Maximum intensity I₀/I_opk	η
0	0.5	0
5	0.525	0.01592
10	0.55	0.03188
20	0.6	0.06409
30	0.65	0.09698
40	0.7	0.13099
50	0.75	0.1666
60	0.8	0.2048
70	0.85	0.2468
80	0.9	0.2952
90	0.95	0.3564
100	1.0	0.5000

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Applied Optics