Abstract
Self-imaging properties of generalized N × N multimode interference couplers are derived. Positions, amplitudes, and phases of the self-images are directly related to the lengths and widths of the coupler by solving the eigenmode superposition equation analytically for any arbitrary length. Devices of length (M/N) 3Lc, where M is the multiple occurrence of the N self-images, are analyzed in detail. The general formalism is applied to practical N × N couplers used in integrated optics, and simple phase relations are obtained.
© 1994 Optical Society of America
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