Effect of energetic electron and proton bombardment on the reflectance of silicon-carbide mirrors in the extreme-ultraviolet region

G. E. Holland; J. F. Seely; R. P. McCoy; K. F. Dymond; C. Rollins; M. Corson

doi:10.1364/AO.33.005902

Applied Optics
Vol. 33,
Issue 25,
pp. 5902-5905
(1994)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.33.005902

Effect of energetic electron and proton bombardment on the reflectance of silicon-carbide mirrors in the extreme-ultraviolet region

G. E. Holland, J. F. Seely, R. P. McCoy, K. F. Dymond, C. Rollins, and M. Corson

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G. E. Holland, J. F. Seely, R. P. McCoy, K. F. Dymond, C. Rollins, and M. Corson, "Effect of energetic electron and proton bombardment on the reflectance of silicon-carbide mirrors in the extreme-ultraviolet region," Appl. Opt. 33, 5902-5905 (1994)

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Abstract

Chemical-vapor-deposited silicon-carbide mirrors were exposed to bombardment by 95-keV electrons and 100-keV protons with accumulated fluxes comparable with those expected in low-altitude Earth orbit for simulated periods of as many as 5 years. The reflectances of four mirrors were measured at five wavelengths (58.4, 73.6, 104.8, 121.6, and 161 nm) and at 11 angles of incidence from 5° to 80°. The electron and proton exposure resulted in no significant change in the reflectances of the mirrors.

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Energy Band E1–E2 (MeV)	Averaged Flux above E1 (per day)	Averaged Flux in Band E1–E2 (per day)	Fraction of Total Flux (%)
0.05–0.10	5.65 × 10¹⁰	1.72 × 10¹⁰	30.42
0.10–0.20	3.93 × 10¹⁰	2.22 × 10¹⁰	39.27
0.20–0.30	1.71 × 10¹⁰	9.39 × 10⁹	16.61
0.30–0.40	7.75 × 10⁹	3.99 × 10⁹	7.06
0.40–0.50	3.75 × 10⁹	1.73 × 10⁹	3.06
0.50–0.60	2.03 × 10⁹	5.96 × 10⁸	1.05
0.60–0.70	1.43 × 10⁹	3.94 × 10⁸	0.70
0.70–0.80	1.04 × 10⁹	2.40 × 10⁸	0.42
0.80–1.00	7.95 × 10⁸	2.76 × 10⁸	0.49
1.00–1.25	5.19 × 10⁸	1.82 × 10⁸	0.32
1.25–1.50	3.37 × 10⁸	1.16 × 10⁸	0.21
1.50–2.00	2.21 × 10⁸	1.26 × 10⁸	0.22
2.00–2.50	9.53 × 10⁷	5.25 × 10⁷	0.09
2.50–3.00	4.28 × 10⁷	2.72 × 10⁷	0.05
3.00–3.50	1.56 × 10⁷	9.85 × 10⁶	0.02
3.50–4.00	5.78 × 10⁶	3.86 × 10⁶	0.01
4.00–4.50	1.93 × 10⁶	1.35 × 10⁶	0.00
4.50–5.00	5.72 × 10⁵	4.12 × 10⁵	0.00
5.00	1.60 × 10⁵		0.00

Energy Band E1–E2 (MeV)	Averaged Flux above E1 (per day)	Averaged Flux in Band E1–E2 (per day)	Fraction of Total Flux (%)
0.10–0.20	6.99 × 10⁸	3.01 × 10⁸	43.04
0.20–0.40	3.98 × 10⁸	1.98 × 10⁸	28.41
0.40–0.60	2.00 × 10⁸	7.99 × 10⁷	11.44
0.60–1.00	1.20 × 10⁸	4.78 × 10⁷	6.84
1.00–2.00	7.18 × 10⁷	2.94 × 10⁷	4.20
2.00–4.00	4.25 × 10⁷	1.33 × 10⁷	1.91
4.00–10.0	2.92 × 10⁷	9.64 × 10⁶	1.38
10.0–20.0	1.95 × 10⁷	3.75 × 10⁶	0.54
20.0–30.0	1.58 × 10⁷	1.70 × 10⁶	0.24
30.0–50.0	1.41 × 10⁷	2.42 × 10⁶	0.35
50.0–100	1.17 × 10⁷	4.49 × 10⁶	0.64
100–150	7.16 × 10⁶	2.86 × 10⁶	0.41
150–200	4.30 × 10⁶	1.68 × 10⁶	0.24
200–400	2.62 × 10⁶	2.24 × 10⁶	0.32
400	3.83 × 10⁵		0.05

Sample	Electron Flux (cm⁻²) (× 10¹³)	Proton Flux (cm⁻²) (× 10¹¹)	Time (years)
A	—	—	0
B	8.0	9.1	5
c	4.8	5.5	3
D	1.6	1.8	1

Energy Band E1–E2 (MeV)	Averaged Flux above E1 (per day)	Averaged Flux in Band E1–E2 (per day)	Fraction of Total Flux (%)
0.05–0.10	5.65 × 10¹⁰	1.72 × 10¹⁰	30.42
0.10–0.20	3.93 × 10¹⁰	2.22 × 10¹⁰	39.27
0.20–0.30	1.71 × 10¹⁰	9.39 × 10⁹	16.61
0.30–0.40	7.75 × 10⁹	3.99 × 10⁹	7.06
0.40–0.50	3.75 × 10⁹	1.73 × 10⁹	3.06
0.50–0.60	2.03 × 10⁹	5.96 × 10⁸	1.05
0.60–0.70	1.43 × 10⁹	3.94 × 10⁸	0.70
0.70–0.80	1.04 × 10⁹	2.40 × 10⁸	0.42
0.80–1.00	7.95 × 10⁸	2.76 × 10⁸	0.49
1.00–1.25	5.19 × 10⁸	1.82 × 10⁸	0.32
1.25–1.50	3.37 × 10⁸	1.16 × 10⁸	0.21
1.50–2.00	2.21 × 10⁸	1.26 × 10⁸	0.22
2.00–2.50	9.53 × 10⁷	5.25 × 10⁷	0.09
2.50–3.00	4.28 × 10⁷	2.72 × 10⁷	0.05
3.00–3.50	1.56 × 10⁷	9.85 × 10⁶	0.02
3.50–4.00	5.78 × 10⁶	3.86 × 10⁶	0.01
4.00–4.50	1.93 × 10⁶	1.35 × 10⁶	0.00
4.50–5.00	5.72 × 10⁵	4.12 × 10⁵	0.00
5.00	1.60 × 10⁵		0.00

Energy Band E1–E2 (MeV)	Averaged Flux above E1 (per day)	Averaged Flux in Band E1–E2 (per day)	Fraction of Total Flux (%)
0.10–0.20	6.99 × 10⁸	3.01 × 10⁸	43.04
0.20–0.40	3.98 × 10⁸	1.98 × 10⁸	28.41
0.40–0.60	2.00 × 10⁸	7.99 × 10⁷	11.44
0.60–1.00	1.20 × 10⁸	4.78 × 10⁷	6.84
1.00–2.00	7.18 × 10⁷	2.94 × 10⁷	4.20
2.00–4.00	4.25 × 10⁷	1.33 × 10⁷	1.91
4.00–10.0	2.92 × 10⁷	9.64 × 10⁶	1.38
10.0–20.0	1.95 × 10⁷	3.75 × 10⁶	0.54
20.0–30.0	1.58 × 10⁷	1.70 × 10⁶	0.24
30.0–50.0	1.41 × 10⁷	2.42 × 10⁶	0.35
50.0–100	1.17 × 10⁷	4.49 × 10⁶	0.64
100–150	7.16 × 10⁶	2.86 × 10⁶	0.41
150–200	4.30 × 10⁶	1.68 × 10⁶	0.24
200–400	2.62 × 10⁶	2.24 × 10⁶	0.32
400	3.83 × 10⁵		0.05

Abstract

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Applied Optics