Measurement and data-processing approach for estimating the spatial statistics of turbulence-induced index of refraction fluctuations in the upper atmosphere
Wade W. Brown, Michael C. Roggemann, Timothy J. Schulz, Timothy C. Havens, Jeff T. Beyer, and L. John Otten
Wade W. Brown,
Michael C. Roggemann,
Timothy J. Schulz,
Timothy C. Havens,
Jeff T. Beyer,
and L. John Otten
W. W. Brown, M. C. Roggemann (mroggema@mtu.edu), T. J. Schulz, T. C. Havens, and J. T. Beyer are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931.
L. J. Otten is with the Kestrel Corporation, 3815 Osuna, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87109.
Wade W. Brown, Michael C. Roggemann, Timothy J. Schulz, Timothy C. Havens, Jeff T. Beyer, and L. John Otten, "Measurement and data-processing approach for estimating the spatial statistics of turbulence-induced index of refraction fluctuations in the upper atmosphere," Appl. Opt. 40, 1863-1871 (2001)
We present a method of data reduction and analysis that has been
developed for a novel experiment to measure the spatial statistics of
atmospheric turbulence in the tropopause. We took measurements of
temperature at 15 points on a hexagonal grid for altitudes from 12,000
to 18,000 m while suspended from a balloon performing a controlled
descent. From the temperature data we estimate the index of
refraction and study the spatial statistics of the turbulence-induced
index of refraction fluctuations. We present and evaluate the
performance of a processing approach to estimate the parameters of
isotropic models for the spatial power spectrum of the
turbulence. In addition to examining the parameters of the von
Kármán spectrum, we have allowed the so-called power law to
be a parameter in the estimation algorithm. A
maximum-likelihood-based approach is used to estimate the turbulence
parameters from the measurements. Simulation results presented here
show that, in the presence of the anticipated levels of measurement
noise, this approach allows turbulence parameters to be estimated with
good accuracy, with the exception of the inner scale.
Miranda van Iersel, Daniel A. Paulson, Chensheng Wu, Nathaniel A. Ferlic, John R. Rzasa, Christopher C. Davis, Michael Walker, Mary Bowden, Jonathan Spychalsky, and Franklin Titus Appl. Opt. 58(25) 6934-6941 (2019)
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