Comparison of radiance and polarization values observed in the Mediterranean Sea and simulated in a Monte Carlo model

James T. Adams; Eyvind Aas; Niels K. Højerslev; Bo Lundgren

doi:10.1364/AO.41.002724

Applied Optics
Vol. 41,
Issue 15,
pp. 2724-2733
(2002)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.41.002724

Comparison of radiance and polarization values observed in the Mediterranean Sea and simulated in a Monte Carlo model

James T. Adams, Eyvind Aas, Niels K. Højerslev, and Bo Lundgren

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James T. Adams, Eyvind Aas, Niels K. Højerslev, and Bo Lundgren, "Comparison of radiance and polarization values observed in the Mediterranean Sea and simulated in a Monte Carlo model," Appl. Opt. 41, 2724-2733 (2002)

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Abstract

Measurements of the radiance and degree of polarization made in 1971 in the Mediterranean Sea are presented along with the simulation of all observed quantities by a Monte Carlo technique. It is shown that our independent scattering treatment utilizing a Stokes vector formalism to describe the polarization state of the light field produces remarkably good agreement with those values measured in situ.

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Location	Date	Position	Depth of Ocean (m)	Weather	Solar Height
E2	6 July 1971	38°34′ N	1100	Wind north 8–10 m/s
		09°09′ E		Sea 1.25 m	35°–41°
				Cloud 3/8
D2	7 July 1971	38°23′ N	2600	Wind northwest 4 m/s
		07°10′ E		Light swell	40°–43°
				Clear
J2A	2 July 1971	38°22′ N	1860	Wind east 3 m/s
		09°31′ E		Sea 0.1 m	56°–61°
				Haze, then clear
A2	12 July 1971	36°09′ N	1300	Wind west 0–3 m/s
		04°00′ W		Sea <0.1 m	63°–69°
				Clear

Location	Depth (m)	K _d (m^-1)a	K ₀ (m^-1)b	a _tot (m^-1)c	b _tot (m^-1)d
E2	5–15	0.0424	0.0401	0.0266	0.0500
D2	25–50	0.0553	0.0581	0.0378	0.0500
J2A	25–50	0.0754	0.0741	0.0573	0.1148
A2	50–100	0.0528	0.0531	0.0380	0.1200

Station	Wavelength (nm)	a _w (m^-1)a	b _sw (m^-1)b	a _hyd (m^-1)c	b _hyd (m^-1)d
E2	465	0.0101	0.0039	0.0165	0.0458
D2	465	0.0101	0.0039	0.0277	0.0458
J2A	465	0.0101	0.0039	0.0472	0.1106
A2	474	0.0114	0.0036	0.0266	0.1161

Station	Depth (m)	Root-Mean-Square ln(radiance) Error	Root-Mean-Square Polarization Error	Water Type	Solar Height (deg)
E2	5	0.76	0.136	IB	41
D2	25	0.73	0.122	II	40
J2A	50	0.75	0.107	II–III	56
A2	100	0.23	0.107	II	69

Location	Date	Position	Depth of Ocean (m)	Weather	Solar Height
E2	6 July 1971	38°34′ N	1100	Wind north 8–10 m/s
		09°09′ E		Sea 1.25 m	35°–41°
				Cloud 3/8
D2	7 July 1971	38°23′ N	2600	Wind northwest 4 m/s
		07°10′ E		Light swell	40°–43°
				Clear
J2A	2 July 1971	38°22′ N	1860	Wind east 3 m/s
		09°31′ E		Sea 0.1 m	56°–61°
				Haze, then clear
A2	12 July 1971	36°09′ N	1300	Wind west 0–3 m/s
		04°00′ W		Sea <0.1 m	63°–69°
				Clear

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Equations (19)

Applied Optics