Design and characterization of the balloon-borne Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS-B2)

Felix Friedl-Vallon; Guido Maucher; Meinhard Seefeldner; Olaf Trieschmann; Anne Kleinert; Anton Lengel; Corneli Keim; Hermann Oelhaf; Herbert Fischer

doi:10.1364/AO.43.003335

Applied Optics
Vol. 43,
Issue 16,
pp. 3335-3355
(2004)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.43.003335

Design and characterization of the balloon-borne Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS-B2)

Felix Friedl-Vallon, Guido Maucher, Meinhard Seefeldner, Olaf Trieschmann, Anne Kleinert, Anton Lengel, Corneli Keim, Hermann Oelhaf, and Herbert Fischer

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Felix Friedl-Vallon, Guido Maucher, Meinhard Seefeldner, Olaf Trieschmann, Anne Kleinert, Anton Lengel, Corneli Keim, Hermann Oelhaf, and Herbert Fischer, "Design and characterization of the balloon-borne Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS-B2)," Appl. Opt. 43, 3335-3355 (2004)

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Abstract

MIPAS-B2 is a balloon-borne limb-emission sounder for atmospheric research. The heart of the instrument is a Fourier spectrometer that covers the mid-infrared spectral range (4–14 μm) and operates at cryogenic temperatures. Essential for this application is the sophisticated line-of-sight stabilization system, which is based on an inertial navigation system and is supplemented with an additional star reference system. The major scientific benefit of the instrument is the simultaneous detection of complete trace gas families in the stratosphere without restrictions concerning the time of day and viewing directions. The specifications, the design considerations, the actual realization of the instrument, and the results of characterization measurements that have been performed are described.

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Date	Milestone
1986–1989	Development of MIPAS-B1
1989–1992	Four flights with MIPAS-B1 (two flights during EASOE)
1993–1994	Design and development of MIPAS-B2
Feb., March 1995; Flights 1, 2	Two flights from Kiruna, denitrified vortex, SESAME campaign
Feb., March 1997; Flights 3, 4	Two flights from Kiruna, stable spring vortex, CHORUS campaign, ILAS validation
July 1997, Flight 5	Gap, mid-latitude flight with vortex remnants, CHELOSBA project
May 1998, Flight 6	Aire sur l’Adour, mid-latitude spring validation of L2 code of MIPAS-Envisat
Jan. 1999, Flight 7	Kiruna, weak vortex, THESEO
Apr. 1999, Flight 8	Aire sur l’Adour, mid-latitude spring with filaments, THESEO
Jan. 2001, Flight 9	Kiruna, vortex, synoptical PSC, POSTA
Feb. 2002, Flight 10	Kiruna, edge of vortex
Sept. 2002, Flight 11	Aire sur l’Adour, Envisat validation
Dec. 2002, Flight 12	Kiruna, vortex, synoptical PSC, POSTA
March 2003, Flight 13	Kiruna, vortex, Envisat validation
July 2003, Flight 14	Kiruna, polar summer conditions, Envisat validation

Channel	Target Molecules	Lower Boundary (cm^-1)	Upper Boundary (cm^-1)
1	HNO₃, ClONO₂, ClO, O₃, CO₂, CCl₄, CFCl₃, CF₂Cl₂, CHF₂Cl, SF₆ (H₂O)	770	970
2	N₂O₅, CH₄, N₂O, H₂O, HDO, HOCl, CF₄, COF₂ (O₃, HNO₃, ClONO₂)	1200	1370
3	NO₂, H₂O	1585	1685
4	NO (CO)	1845	1925 (2300)

Quantity	Elevation (mrad, 3σ)	Azimuth (mrad, 3σ)
Acquisition	1.5	13
Stability (within 15 min)	0.22	4.4
Knowledge	0.3	1.7

Date	Milestone
1986–1989	Development of MIPAS-B1
1989–1992	Four flights with MIPAS-B1 (two flights during EASOE)
1993–1994	Design and development of MIPAS-B2
Feb., March 1995; Flights 1, 2	Two flights from Kiruna, denitrified vortex, SESAME campaign
Feb., March 1997; Flights 3, 4	Two flights from Kiruna, stable spring vortex, CHORUS campaign, ILAS validation
July 1997, Flight 5	Gap, mid-latitude flight with vortex remnants, CHELOSBA project
May 1998, Flight 6	Aire sur l’Adour, mid-latitude spring validation of L2 code of MIPAS-Envisat
Jan. 1999, Flight 7	Kiruna, weak vortex, THESEO
Apr. 1999, Flight 8	Aire sur l’Adour, mid-latitude spring with filaments, THESEO
Jan. 2001, Flight 9	Kiruna, vortex, synoptical PSC, POSTA
Feb. 2002, Flight 10	Kiruna, edge of vortex
Sept. 2002, Flight 11	Aire sur l’Adour, Envisat validation
Dec. 2002, Flight 12	Kiruna, vortex, synoptical PSC, POSTA
March 2003, Flight 13	Kiruna, vortex, Envisat validation
July 2003, Flight 14	Kiruna, polar summer conditions, Envisat validation

Channel	Target Molecules	Lower Boundary (cm^-1)	Upper Boundary (cm^-1)
1	HNO₃, ClONO₂, ClO, O₃, CO₂, CCl₄, CFCl₃, CF₂Cl₂, CHF₂Cl, SF₆ (H₂O)	770	970
2	N₂O₅, CH₄, N₂O, H₂O, HDO, HOCl, CF₄, COF₂ (O₃, HNO₃, ClONO₂)	1200	1370
3	NO₂, H₂O	1585	1685
4	NO (CO)	1845	1925 (2300)

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Applied Optics