Optical system design and integration of the Mercury Laser Altimeter

Luis Ramos-Izquierdo; V. Stanley Scott; Stephen Schmidt; Jamie Britt; William Mamakos; Raymond Trunzo; John Cavanaugh; Roger Miller

doi:10.1364/AO.44.001748

Applied Optics
Vol. 44,
Issue 9,
pp. 1748-1760
(2005)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.44.001748

Optical system design and integration of the Mercury Laser Altimeter

Luis Ramos-Izquierdo, V. Stanley Scott, Stephen Schmidt, Jamie Britt, William Mamakos, Raymond Trunzo, John Cavanaugh, and Roger Miller

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Luis Ramos-Izquierdo, V. Stanley Scott, Stephen Schmidt, Jamie Britt, William Mamakos, Raymond Trunzo, John Cavanaugh, and Roger Miller, "Optical system design and integration of the Mercury Laser Altimeter," Appl. Opt. 44, 1748-1760 (2005)

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Abstract

The Mercury Laser Altimeter (MLA), developed for the 2004 MESSENGER mission to Mercury, is designed to measure the planet’s topography by laser ranging. A description of the MLA optical system and its measured optical performance during instrument-level and spacecraft-level integration and testing are presented.

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Parameters	Values
Transmitter
Wavelength	1064 nm
Pulse Energy	20 mJ
Pulse Width	6 ns
Repetition Rate	8 Hz
Divergence (1/e² dia.)	80 μrad, TEM₀₀
Receiver
Aperture	417 cm²
FOV (diameter)	400 μrad
Filter (FWHM)	0.7 nm, >80% T
Detector (diameter)	0.7 mm SiAPD
Stray Light	Off-axis < on-axis

Requirements	Specifications
Instrument integration
Laser parallel to receiver telescopes	<2 mrad
Laser perpendicular to the MLA mounting plane	<5 mrad
Instrument alignment
Receiver telescopes boresite to the laser	±50 μrad
Knowledge of the laser pointing angle (relative to the MLA Reference Cube)	±50 μrad
Instrument Stability
Laser pointing angle (relative to the MLA mounting plane)	±50 μrad
Receiver telescopes boresite to laser	±100 μrad

			Thermal Test Parameters

Optical Assembly	Quantity	Part Number	Cycles	Range (°C)	Rate (°C/h)	Dwell (h)	Next Assembly
Receiver telescope	6	2053182	4	+60 to −30	+60/−20	4.0	Instrument receiver telescope
fold mirror subassembly	6	2053201	2	+60 to −30	+60/−20	4.0
Aft-Optics	2	2054970	4	+40 to −30	30	4.0	Instrument
Mirror subassembly	3	2054991	2	+60 to −30	30	4.0	Aft-Optics
Prism subassembly	3	2054971	2	+60 to −30	30	4.0	Aft-Optics
Collimating lens subassembly	2	2054990	2	+40 to −30	30	4.0	Aft-Optics
Focusing lens subassembly	2	2054798	2	+40 to −30	30	4.0	Aft-Optics
Fiber-Optics	3	2053208	90	+50 to −30	120	0.25	Instrument
Beam Expander	2	2053322	2	+75 to −30	+60/−20	4.0	Laser transmitter

Parameters	Values
Transmitter
Wavelength	1064 nm
Pulse Energy	20 mJ
Pulse Width	6 ns
Repetition Rate	8 Hz
Divergence (1/e² dia.)	80 μrad, TEM₀₀
Receiver
Aperture	417 cm²
FOV (diameter)	400 μrad
Filter (FWHM)	0.7 nm, >80% T
Detector (diameter)	0.7 mm SiAPD
Stray Light	Off-axis < on-axis

Requirements	Specifications
Instrument integration
Laser parallel to receiver telescopes	<2 mrad
Laser perpendicular to the MLA mounting plane	<5 mrad
Instrument alignment
Receiver telescopes boresite to the laser	±50 μrad
Knowledge of the laser pointing angle (relative to the MLA Reference Cube)	±50 μrad
Instrument Stability
Laser pointing angle (relative to the MLA mounting plane)	±50 μrad
Receiver telescopes boresite to laser	±100 μrad

Abstract

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Applied Optics