Control of spectral aberrations in a monochromator using a plane holographic chirped grating

Alexandre April; Nathalie McCarthy

doi:10.1364/AO.47.002750

Applied Optics
Vol. 47,
Issue 15,
pp. 2750-2759
(2008)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.47.002750

Control of spectral aberrations in a monochromator using a plane holographic chirped grating

Alexandre April and Nathalie McCarthy

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Alexandre April and Nathalie McCarthy, "Control of spectral aberrations in a monochromator using a plane holographic chirped grating," Appl. Opt. 47, 2750-2759 (2008)

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Abstract

A method aimed to minimize the impact of spectral aberrations in a monochromator is proposed in which the spectrum of the source of radiation under study is scanned by the rectilinear translation of a plane chirped grating. The chirped grating, which has a spatially variable groove spacing, is used to diffract and to spectrally focus the radiation. Imaging properties of the chirped grating were analyzed in order to develop the expression of the aberration coefficients of the system and the expression of the width of the instrument line shape due to aberrations. The optimal rectilinear trajectory required to operate the monochromator without significant spectral aberrations in measurements has been obtained numerically and tested in the laboratory. Experimental measurements of the emission spectrum of a seven- wavelength helium–neon laser are presented, as well as the sensitivity of the monochromator performance to different geometrical parameters.

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	Beam 1	Beam 2
Angles of Incidence of Writing Beams	$θ_{1} = 9.01 °$	$- θ_{2} = 9.05 °$
Distances Between Objective and Substrate	$z_{o 1} = 19.1 cm$	$z_{o 2} = 64.0 cm$
Focal Lengths of the Objectives	$f_{1} = 2.9 mm$	$f_{2} = 9.0 mm$

Parameter	Value
Reference Wavelength	$λ_{ref} = 632.8 mm$
Diffraction Order	$m = - 1$
Reference Position on the Grating	$x_{ref} = - 1.0 cm$
Reference Position on the t-axis	$t_{ref} = 5.0 cm$
Minimum Value on the t-axis	$t_{min} = 0.0 cm$
Maximum Value on the t-axis	$t_{max} = 6.0 cm$
Width of the Entrance and Exit Slits	$w_{e} = w_{s} = 25 μm$
Focal Length of the Collimating Lens	$f = 25.0 cm$
Groove Spacing and Variation Parameters	see Eq. (3)

Wavelength $λ_{o}$		Difference
Theoretical [20, 21](nm)	Measured (nm)	(nm)	%
543.37	543.37	(calibration point)	—
593.93	593.94	0.01	0.002
604.61	604.63	0.02	0.003
611.80	611.77	0.03	0.005
629.37	629.34	0.03	0.005
632.82	632.82	(calibration point)	—
640.11	640.10	0.01	0.002

$λ_{o} (nm)$	$Δ λ (nm)$	$Δ λ_{g} (nm)$
$\pm 0.05 nm$	$\pm 0.001 nm$	$\pm 0.04 nm$
543.37	0.198	0.18
593.93	0.220	0.20
604.63	0.218	0.21
611.77	0.218	0.21
632.82	0.228	0.22

	Beam 1	Beam 2
Angles of Incidence of Writing Beams	$θ_{1} = 9.01 °$	$- θ_{2} = 9.05 °$
Distances Between Objective and Substrate	$z_{o 1} = 19.1 cm$	$z_{o 2} = 64.0 cm$
Focal Lengths of the Objectives	$f_{1} = 2.9 mm$	$f_{2} = 9.0 mm$

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Equations (41)

Applied Optics