Abstract

In the presence of a longitudinal magnetic field $B$, a beam of linearly polarized light incident from a Faraday medium of Verdet constant $V$ refracts at its interface with a medium of negligible Verdet constant and emerges as two opposite circularly polarized beams that are separated by a small divergence angle $\delta$ that is proportional to the product $BV$. Judicious postselection of the polarization state of the emergent light can be used to amplify the measured value of $\delta$ by several orders of magnitude. This technique makes it possible to optically measure either very small $V$ values when $B$ is known or small magnetic fields when $V$ is known.

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