Flame temperature measurements by radar resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization of molecular oxygen

Yue Wu; Jordan Sawyer; Zhili Zhang; Steven F. Adams

doi:10.1364/AO.51.006864

Applied Optics
Vol. 51,
Issue 28,
pp. 6864-6869
(2012)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.51.006864

Flame temperature measurements by radar resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization of molecular oxygen

Yue Wu, Jordan Sawyer, Zhili Zhang, and Steven F. Adams

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Yue Wu, Jordan Sawyer, Zhili Zhang, and Steven F. Adams, "Flame temperature measurements by radar resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization of molecular oxygen," Appl. Opt. 51, 6864-6869 (2012)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Instrumentation, Measurement, and Metrology
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Temperature (120.6780)
- Flames (280.2470)
- Spectroscopy, ionization (300.6350)
- Spectroscopy, multiphoton (300.6410)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: June 6, 2012
- Revised Manuscript: August 29, 2012
- Manuscript Accepted: August 30, 2012
- Published: September 28, 2012

Abstract

Here we report nonintrusive local rotational temperature measurements of molecular oxygen, based on coherent microwave scattering (radar) from resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) in room air and hydrogen/air flames. Analyses of the rotational line strengths of the two-photon molecular oxygen $C^{3} Π (v = 2) \leftarrow X^{3} Σ (v^{'} = 0)$ transition have been used to determine the hyperfine rotational state distribution of the ground $X^{3} Σ (v^{'} = 0)$ state. Rotationally resolved $2 + 1$ REMPI spectra of the molecular oxygen $C^{3} Π (v = 2) \leftarrow X^{3} Σ (v^{'} = 0)$ transition at different temperatures were obtained experimentally by radar REMPI. Rotational temperatures have been determined from the resulting Boltzmann plots. The measurements in general had an accuracy of $\sim \pm 60 K$ in the hydrogen/air flames at various equivalence ratios. Discussions about the decreased accuracy for the temperature measurement at elevated temperatures have been presented.

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${cm}^{- 1}$	$F_{1} (Ω = 0)$	$F_{2} (Ω = 1)$	$F_{3} (Ω = 2)$
$n_{o}$	69369(2)	69449(1)	69552(1)
$B_{eff}$	1.61(5)	1.65(1)	1.69(1)
$D_{v}$	$1.9 (5) \times 10^{- 5}$	$1.6 (2) \times 10^{- 5}$	$1.9 (2) \times 10^{- 5}$

Wavelength (nm)	$J^{'}$	$G_{1} ({cm}^{- 1})$	$T_{f, g}^{(2)}$
286.09	25	933.38	14.73
286.24	23	793.08	13.73
286.38	21	664.15	12.73
286.52	19	546.62	11.72
286.65	17	440.49	10.72
286.78	15	345.79	9.72
286.88	13	262.54	8.71
286.99	11	190.74	7.70
287.09	9	130.42	6.69
287.18	7	81.57	5.66
287.26	5	44.20	4.62
287.34	3	18.33	3.50

Branch	Wavelength (nm)	$J^{'}$	$G_{Ω + 1} ({cm}^{- 1})$	$T_{f, g}^{(2)}$
$R_{32}$	285.36	41	2462.02	10.456
$P_{31}$	285.37	48	3216.95	18.976
$O_{12}$	286.05	39	2231.73	14.970
$Q_{32}$	286.20	37	2012.57	18.740
$P_{32}$	286.34	27	1085.03	9.630
$O_{12}$	286.35	35	1804.59	17.740
$Q_{31}$	286.45	26	931.19	13.754
$P_{32}$	286.58	39	2231.73	20.5
$P_{21}$	286.60	32	1420.03	20.247
$Q_{12}$	286.62	29	1248.00	12.371

	Real (K)	Experimental (K)	Error	Percentage (%)
Pure oxygen	298	303	5	1.68
	523	553	30	5.74
	773	709	$- 64$	$- 8.28$
Room air	298	298	0	0.00
	473	496	23	4.86
	773	723	$- 50$	$- 6.47$
$H_{2} / air flame$	1281	1345	64	5.00
$H_{2} / air flame$	1658	1608	$- 50$	$- 3.02$

${cm}^{- 1}$	$F_{1} (Ω = 0)$	$F_{2} (Ω = 1)$	$F_{3} (Ω = 2)$
$n_{o}$	69369(2)	69449(1)	69552(1)
$B_{eff}$	1.61(5)	1.65(1)	1.69(1)
$D_{v}$	$1.9 (5) \times 10^{- 5}$	$1.6 (2) \times 10^{- 5}$	$1.9 (2) \times 10^{- 5}$

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