Abstract

Graphene surface plasmon (GSP) superlenses, induced from the negative refraction, have recently been demonstrated in various two-dimensional photonic crystal systems. However, inplane GSP superlenses have never been reported in a one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal system. Here, we propose a graphene-$\mathrm{Si}/{\mathrm{SiO}}_2$ system, by transferring a graphene sheet on the tilted 1D subwavelength silicon/silica gratings. By discussing the dispersion relations of the inplane GSP in this system, the GSP negative refraction is found in the mid-infrared region. When the tilted angle, working wavelength, and Fermi level are set to be 60°, 11.22 μm, and 0.2 eV, respectively, the off-axis subwavelength focusing has the best resolution, and the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the image is $0.0091\lambda$ (102.1 nm). Further, we investigate the effects of the Fermi level on the superlens frequency range, and the image’s FWHM, the broadband, and the deep subwavelength superlens are achieved. The full-wave numerical simulations are conducted by the finite element method. Our findings can be applied to the manipulation of inplane GSP propagation and biological imaging.

© 2018 Optical Society of America

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