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Beam propagation simulation of phased laser arrays with atmospheric perturbations

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Abstract

Directed energy phased array (DEPA) systems have been proposed for applications such as beaming optical power for electrical use on remote sensors, rovers, spacecraft, and future moon bases, as well as for planetary defense against asteroids and photonic propulsion up to relativistic speeds. All such scenarios involve transmission through atmosphere and beam perturbations due to turbulence that must be quantified. Numerical beam propagation and feedback control simulations were performed using an algorithm optimized for efficient calculation of real-time beam dynamics in a Kolmogorov atmosphere. Results were used to quantify the effectiveness of the system design with different degrees of atmospheric turbulence and zenith angles, and it was found that a large aperture DEPA system placed at a high altitude site can produce a stable diffraction limited spot (${\rm{Strehl}} \gt {0.8}$) on space-based targets for Fried length ${r_0} \ge 10\;{\rm{cm}}$ (at 500 nm) and zenith angles up to 60 deg, depending on atmospheric conditions. We believe these results are promising for the next generation of power beaming and deep space exploration applications.

© 2021 Optical Society of America

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Supplementary Material (5)

NameDescription
Supplement 1       Details of adaptive optics models, calculations, simulation parameters and atmospheric modeling.
Visualization 1       Spatial mode of the transmitted beam at a target located at zenith, through an atmosphere with a Fried parameter of 15 cm (specified at zenith for 500 nm wavelength) and a ground wind speed of 5 m/s.
Visualization 2       Spatial mode of the transmitted beam at a target located at a 75 degree zenith angle, through an atmosphere with a Fried parameter of 5 cm (specified at zenith for 500 nm wavelength) and a ground wind speed of 15 m/s.
Visualization 3       Spatial mode of the transmitted beam at a target located at a 60 degree zenith angle, through an atmosphere with a Fried parameter of 15 cm (specified at zenith for 500 nm wavelength) and a ground wind speed of 5 m/s.
Visualization 4       Spatial mode of the transmitted beam at a target located at a 30 degree zenith angle, through an atmosphere with a Fried parameter of 10 cm (specified at zenith for 500 nm wavelength) and a ground wind speed of 10 m/s.

Data Availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Equations (5)

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