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All-fiber saturable absorber based on nonlinear multimode interference with enhanced modulation depth

Teng Wang, Yongmin Jung, Peter Horak, Xianglong Zeng, and David J. Richardson

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Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser using a small-core fiber–graded index multimode fiber–single-mode fiber (SCF–GIMMF–SMF) structure as an effective saturable absorber based on the nonlinear multimode interference (NL–MMI) effect. A small-core fiber is used as an input single-mode fiber to improve the coupling of power into higher-order modes in a multimode fiber and to enhance the modulation depth of the structure. Stable fundamental mode-locked operation is obtained at a pump threshold of 166 mW and the output soliton pulses have a 647 fs duration at 1557.96 nm with a 5.2 nm spectral width at a repetition rate of 19.37 MHz. This NL–MMI SA can be applied to high-power mode-locked fiber lasers owing to its inherent high damage threshold, compact size, wavelength independent operation, and fabrication simplicity.

© 2021 Optical Society of America

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Data Availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are available in Ref. [25].

25. T. Wang, Y. Jung, P. Horak, X. Zeng, and D. J. Richardson, “Data for all-fiber saturable absorber based on nonlinear multimode interference with enhanced modulation depth,” University of Southampton repository, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/D1951.

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