Modeling and analysis of narrow-linewidth distributed feedback lasers based on apodized laterally coupled gratings

Yingming Zhao; Yu Li; Weiping Huang

doi:10.1364/AO.453285

Applied Optics
Vol. 61,
Issue 10,
pp. 2610-2619
(2022)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.453285

Modeling and analysis of narrow-linewidth distributed feedback lasers based on apodized laterally coupled gratings

Yingming Zhao, Yu Li, and Weiping Huang

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Yingming Zhao, Yu Li, and Weiping Huang, "Modeling and analysis of narrow-linewidth distributed feedback lasers based on apodized laterally coupled gratings," Appl. Opt. 61, 2610-2619 (2022)

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Table of Contents Category
- Lasers, Optical Amplifiers, and Laser Optics
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: January 7, 2022
- Revised Manuscript: February 26, 2022
- Manuscript Accepted: February 26, 2022
- Published: March 23, 2022

Abstract

A physical model is demonstrated to optimize narrow-linewidth distributed feedback lasers based on apodized laterally coupled gratings (AG-DFB). The structure can effectively suppress the longitudinal spatial hole burning as well as remove the regrowth process during fabrication by using the apodized grating geometry. The studies include numerical simulations of the AG-DFB laser for its static and dynamic behaviors at different cavity lengths and facet coating conditions. The results show that the proposed device can achieve narrow linewidth, high slope efficiency, and broad modulation bandwidth, as compared to $\lambda /{{4}}$ phase-shifted DFB lasers.

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Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Layer	Material	Thickness (nm)	Refractive Index
Grating layer	InP/dielectric	600	3.21/1.45
P-blocking layer	$I n_{0.53} A l_{0.47} A s$	150	3.2
Top GRINSCH	$I n_{0.51} A l_{0.39} G a_{0.1} A s$	100	3.26
$8 \times b a r r i e r s$	$I n_{0.54} A l_{0.32} G a_{0.14} A s$	8	3.36
$7 \times w e l l s$	$I n_{0.7} A l_{0.152} G a_{0.148} A s$	5	3.39
Bottom GRINSCH	$I n_{0.51} A l_{0.39} G a_{0.1} A s$	100	3.26
N-blocking layer	$I n_{0.53} A l_{0.47} A s$	45	3.2
Buffer	InP	3000	3.21
Substrate	InP	–	3.21

Parameters	Values
Cavity length $L$ (µm)	400	1000
Active region thickness $d$ (nm)	35
Reflection coefficient of HR facet $r_{1}$	0.9
Reflection coefficient of AR facet $r_{2}$	0
Bragg grating period of DFB 2 $l$ (nm)	242.2
Reference Bragg wavelength $λ_{0}$ (nm)	1550
Confinement factor $Γ$	0.08
Effective index without injection $n_{e f f}$	3.2
Group index $n_{g}$	3.6
Internal loss $α_{i n t}$ ( $c m^{- 1}$ )	10
Linewidth enhancement factor $α_{H}$	3
QW material gain coefficient $g_{0} (c m^{- 1})$	2500
Transparent carrier density $N_{0}$ ( $1 0^{18} c m^{- 3}$ )	0.6
Nonlinear gain saturation coefficient $ε$ ( $1 0^{- 17} {c m}^{3}$ )	3
Inversion factor $n_{sp}$	1.7
Petermann factor $K_{c}$	1

Layer	Material	Thickness (nm)	Refractive Index
Grating layer	InP/dielectric	600	3.21/1.45
P-blocking layer	$I n_{0.53} A l_{0.47} A s$	150	3.2
Top GRINSCH	$I n_{0.51} A l_{0.39} G a_{0.1} A s$	100	3.26
$8 \times b a r r i e r s$	$I n_{0.54} A l_{0.32} G a_{0.14} A s$	8	3.36
$7 \times w e l l s$	$I n_{0.7} A l_{0.152} G a_{0.148} A s$	5	3.39
Bottom GRINSCH	$I n_{0.51} A l_{0.39} G a_{0.1} A s$	100	3.26
N-blocking layer	$I n_{0.53} A l_{0.47} A s$	45	3.2
Buffer	InP	3000	3.21
Substrate	InP	–	3.21

Parameters	Values
Cavity length $L$ (µm)	400	1000
Active region thickness $d$ (nm)	35
Reflection coefficient of HR facet $r_{1}$	0.9
Reflection coefficient of AR facet $r_{2}$	0
Bragg grating period of DFB 2 $l$ (nm)	242.2
Reference Bragg wavelength $λ_{0}$ (nm)	1550
Confinement factor $Γ$	0.08
Effective index without injection $n_{e f f}$	3.2
Group index $n_{g}$	3.6
Internal loss $α_{i n t}$ ( $c m^{- 1}$ )	10
Linewidth enhancement factor $α_{H}$	3
QW material gain coefficient $g_{0} (c m^{- 1})$	2500
Transparent carrier density $N_{0}$ ( $1 0^{18} c m^{- 3}$ )	0.6
Nonlinear gain saturation coefficient $ε$ ( $1 0^{- 17} {c m}^{3}$ )	3
Inversion factor $n_{sp}$	1.7
Petermann factor $K_{c}$	1

Abstract

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Equations (15)

Applied Optics