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Laser beam steering automation with an Arduino-based CNC shield for standoff femtosecond filament-induced breakdown spectroscopic studies

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Abstract

In this study, we report a novel, to the best of our knowledge, instrumentation procedure in the automation of laser beam steering for raster/spiral scanning of the samples used in standoff femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) experiments. We have used a readily available and easy-to-handle Arduino-based computerized numerical control (CNC) shield along with the free software, universal G-code sender, for the automation. Standoff femtosecond filamentation-induced breakdown spectra (St-Fs-FIBS) of metals, three compositions of Ag-Au alloy, and polyvinyl chloride, unplasticized polyvinyl chloride, and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride plastic samples were recorded using the developed automated, experimental setup. The St-Fs-FIBS spectra were recorded at a standoff distance of ${\sim}{{5}}\;{\rm{m}}$ utilizing a simple hand-held spectrometer. Furthermore, principal component analysis technique was utilized for the successful classification of three compositions of Au-Ag alloy spectra using their St-Fs-FIBS spectral data.

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Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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