Optical electrocardiogram monitor with a real-time analysis of an abnormal heart rhythm for home-based medical alerts

Jing Zhao; Ziyue Zhang; Zhenyuan Han; Qi Wang; Hui Yu; Hui Yu; Hongxia Zhang; Dagong Jia

doi:10.1364/AO.454104

Applied Optics
Vol. 61,
Issue 22,
pp. G15-G20
(2022)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.454104

Optical electrocardiogram monitor with a real-time analysis of an abnormal heart rhythm for home-based medical alerts

Jing Zhao, Ziyue Zhang, Zhenyuan Han, Qi Wang, Hui Yu, Hongxia Zhang, and Dagong Jia

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Jing Zhao, Ziyue Zhang, Zhenyuan Han, Qi Wang, Hui Yu, Hongxia Zhang, and Dagong Jia, "Optical electrocardiogram monitor with a real-time analysis of an abnormal heart rhythm for home-based medical alerts," Appl. Opt. 61, G15-G20 (2022)

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Abstract

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) caused by cardiovascular disease is the greatest hidden danger to human life, accounting for about 25% of the total deaths in the world. Due to the early concealment of SCD and the heavy medical burden of long-term examination, telemedicine combined with home monitoring has become a potential medical alert method. Among all the existing human cardiac and electrophysiology monitoring methods, optics-based sensors attract the widest attention due to the advantages of low delay, real-time monitoring, and high signal-to-noise ratio. In this paper, we propose an optical sensor with the capabilities of long-term monitoring and real-time analysis. Combining an R-peak recognition algorithm, Lorenz plots (LP), and statistical analysis, we carried out the consistency analysis and result visualization of ECG sequences over 1 h. The results of 10 subjects show that the R-peak recognition accuracy of the optical ECG monitor is higher than 97.99%. The optical system can display abnormal heart rhythm in real-time through LP, and the readability is good, which makes the system suitable for self-monitoring at home. In addition, this paper provides a detailed long-term monitoring assessment method to effectively guide the practical clinical transformation of other optical wearable devices.

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Data availability

Part of the data underlying the results presented in this paper is available in Dataset 1 [5]. Other data may be restricted for privacy reasons but can be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

5. Y. Chu, J. W. Zhong, H. L. Liu, N. Liu, Y. Song, X. N. Zang, Y. Dong, X. H. Wang, and L. W. Lin, “Self-powered pulse sensors with high sensitivity to reveal sinus arrhythmia,” in IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) (2018), pp. 404–407.

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Num.	$T_{12}$	$P_{12}$	$T_{23}$	$P_{23}$
1	1.378	0.168	0.549	0.583
2	1.134	0.257	0.583	0.560
3	0.074	0.941	0.548	0.584
4	0.046	0.964	0.816	0.414
5	0.008	0.993	0.407	0.684
6	0.022	0.983	0.247	0.805
7	0.687	0.492	0.303	0.762
8	1.085	0.278	0.597	0.551
9	0.176	0.860	0.604	0.546
10	0.546	0.585	0.316	0.752

	Optical ECG Monitor (1)			SOMNO Device (2)			SOMNO Report (3)
Num.	VLF	LF	HF	VLF	LF	HF	VLF	LF	HF
1	0.210	0.325	0.455	0.208	0.328	0.465	0.206	0.302	0.492
2	0.258	0.301	0.441	0.249	0.289	0.463	0.236	0.320	0.444
3	0.358	0.396	0.247	0.361	0.402	0.237	0.359	0.394	0.247
4	0.333	0.447	0.220	0.316	0.472	0.212	0.314	0.469	0.217
5	0.259	0.322	0.419	0.232	0.338	0.430	0.248	0.329	0.424
6	0.309	0.356	0.335	0.310	0.335	0.355	0.300	0.340	0.360
7	0.313	0.270	0.417	0.291	0.279	0.430	0.289	0.262	0.449
8	0.120	0.279	0.601	0.113	0.285	0.602	0.110	0.307	0.583
9	0.210	0.383	0.407	0.195	0.401	0.405	0.197	0.414	0.389
10	0.323	0.303	0.374	0.313	0.306	0.374	0.326	0.316	0.359

Num.	$T_{12}$	$P_{12}$	$T_{23}$	$P_{23}$
1	1.378	0.168	0.549	0.583
2	1.134	0.257	0.583	0.560
3	0.074	0.941	0.548	0.584
4	0.046	0.964	0.816	0.414
5	0.008	0.993	0.407	0.684
6	0.022	0.983	0.247	0.805
7	0.687	0.492	0.303	0.762
8	1.085	0.278	0.597	0.551
9	0.176	0.860	0.604	0.546
10	0.546	0.585	0.316	0.752

	Optical ECG Monitor (1)			SOMNO Device (2)			SOMNO Report (3)
Num.	VLF	LF	HF	VLF	LF	HF	VLF	LF	HF
1	0.210	0.325	0.455	0.208	0.328	0.465	0.206	0.302	0.492
2	0.258	0.301	0.441	0.249	0.289	0.463	0.236	0.320	0.444
3	0.358	0.396	0.247	0.361	0.402	0.237	0.359	0.394	0.247
4	0.333	0.447	0.220	0.316	0.472	0.212	0.314	0.469	0.217
5	0.259	0.322	0.419	0.232	0.338	0.430	0.248	0.329	0.424
6	0.309	0.356	0.335	0.310	0.335	0.355	0.300	0.340	0.360
7	0.313	0.270	0.417	0.291	0.279	0.430	0.289	0.262	0.449
8	0.120	0.279	0.601	0.113	0.285	0.602	0.110	0.307	0.583
9	0.210	0.383	0.407	0.195	0.401	0.405	0.197	0.414	0.389
10	0.323	0.303	0.374	0.313	0.306	0.374	0.326	0.316	0.359

Abstract

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Applied Optics