Abstract

We show the presence of hybridization between fundamental TE and first higher-order TM modes in a dielectric loaded plasmonic waveguide of appropriately chosen core dimensions. Furthermore, a critical hybridization point is achieved at which both modes have nearly equal fraction of the TE and TM polarizations. Exploiting the interference among such modes, we propose the design of a compact and highly sensitive modal interferometer. The bulk and surface sensitivities of the proposed sensor are found to be ${\sim}{3 {-} 10}\;{\rm\unicode{x00B5}{\rm m}/RIU}$ for refractive index (RI) ${\sim}{1.33 {-} 1.36}$ and ${\sim}{0.7}\;{\rm nm/nm}$ for an adsorbed layer of RI 1.45, respectively. The proposed sensor gives robust performance against fabrication imperfections and is stable against temperature fluctuations due to extremely low temperature cross-sensitivity (${\sim}{10 {-} 15}\;{\rm pm}/^\circ {\rm C}$ for a temperature change up to ${\sim}{100}^\circ {\rm C}$).

© 2022 Optica Publishing Group

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