Ultra-narrow linewidth transmission filters based on the cladding mode assisted Fabry–Perot effect in a planar waveguide

Avijit Koley; Saurabh Mani Tripathi

doi:10.1364/AO.458323

Applied Optics
Vol. 61,
Issue 27,
pp. 7889-7898
(2022)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.458323

Ultra-narrow linewidth transmission filters based on the cladding mode assisted Fabry–Perot effect in a planar waveguide

Avijit Koley and Saurabh Mani Tripathi

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Avijit Koley and Saurabh Mani Tripathi, "Ultra-narrow linewidth transmission filters based on the cladding mode assisted Fabry–Perot effect in a planar waveguide," Appl. Opt. 61, 7889-7898 (2022)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Fiber Optics, Fiber Sensors, and Optical Communications
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: March 17, 2022
- Revised Manuscript: August 25, 2022
- Manuscript Accepted: August 31, 2022
- Published: September 14, 2022

Abstract

We propose and analyze a counterpropagating cladding mode assisted tunable frequency Fabry–Perot interferometer formed by a Bragg grating (BG) cavity in a liquid crystal coated planar optical waveguide. A full vector modal analysis has been used to obtain the transmission spectra of the individual Bragg reflectors, and the cavity effects have been incorporated by employing a suitable phase matrix. We show that the cavity resonances that appear from two fiber BGs forming a resonator can be efficiently explained by incorporating appropriate phase shifts in one BG grating period. We further show that utilizing the cladding mode evanescent field, a liquid crystal overlay can be used to tune the cavity resonance over the entire free-spectral range of the cavity transmission spectra. Our study should find application in designing highly tunable integrated optical Fabry–Perot interferometers.

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Sellmeier Coefficients
Materials	$A_{1}$	$A_{2}$	$A_{3}$	$B_{1} [µ m]$	$B_{2} [µ m]$	$B_{3} [µ m]$	RI at $1.55 µ m$	Reference
Substrate ( $S i O_{2}$ )	0.6961663	0.4079426	0.8974794	0.0684043	0.1162414	9.896161	1.444	[40]
Core ( $L i N b O_{3}$ )	2.9804	0.5981	8.954	0.02047	0.0666	416.08	2.1401	[41]
*Cauchy Parameters*
Materials (5CB)	$A_{1}$	$A_{2}$ [ $µ m^{2}$ ]	$A_{3}$ [ $µ m^{4}$ ]	$B_{1}$	$B_{2}$	$B_{3}$	RI at $1.55 µ m$	Reference
LC ( $n_{o}$ )	1.50945	0.00934	0.00017	–	–	–	1.5133	[42]
LC ( $n_{e}$ )	1.64499	0.01545	0.001019	–	–	–	1.6516	[42]

Parameter	Bragg Grating	FPBG
Core thickness (a)	1 µm	1 µm
Cladding thickness (b)	10 µm	10 µm
Grating length ( $L_{G}$ )	10 mm	$2 \times 5 m m$
Grating period ( $Λ_{g}$ )	0.378 µm	0.378 µm
Cavity length ( $l$ )	–	11,20,40 (mm)
Stop band range around 1550 nm	118 pm	137 pm ( $l = 11 m m$ )
Central pass channel linewidth	17.5 pm ( $π$ phase shifted)	8.6 pm ( $l = 11 m m$ )

Sellmeier Coefficients
Materials	$A_{1}$	$A_{2}$	$A_{3}$	$B_{1} [µ m]$	$B_{2} [µ m]$	$B_{3} [µ m]$	RI at $1.55 µ m$	Reference
Substrate ( $S i O_{2}$ )	0.6961663	0.4079426	0.8974794	0.0684043	0.1162414	9.896161	1.444	[40]
Core ( $L i N b O_{3}$ )	2.9804	0.5981	8.954	0.02047	0.0666	416.08	2.1401	[41]
*Cauchy Parameters*
Materials (5CB)	$A_{1}$	$A_{2}$ [ $µ m^{2}$ ]	$A_{3}$ [ $µ m^{4}$ ]	$B_{1}$	$B_{2}$	$B_{3}$	RI at $1.55 µ m$	Reference
LC ( $n_{o}$ )	1.50945	0.00934	0.00017	–	–	–	1.5133	[42]
LC ( $n_{e}$ )	1.64499	0.01545	0.001019	–	–	–	1.6516	[42]

Parameter	Bragg Grating	FPBG
Core thickness (a)	1 µm	1 µm
Cladding thickness (b)	10 µm	10 µm
Grating length ( $L_{G}$ )	10 mm	$2 \times 5 m m$
Grating period ( $Λ_{g}$ )	0.378 µm	0.378 µm
Cavity length ( $l$ )	–	11,20,40 (mm)
Stop band range around 1550 nm	118 pm	137 pm ( $l = 11 m m$ )
Central pass channel linewidth	17.5 pm ( $π$ phase shifted)	8.6 pm ( $l = 11 m m$ )

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Equations (17)

Applied Optics