Abstract

The fiber surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is widely used in high-sensitivity refractive index detection, and there are few reports on SPR sensors used for strain measurement. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an S-type fiber strain sensor based on SPR. The simulation and testing results indicate that the smaller the vertical axis offset of S-type fiber is, the larger the incidence angle of SPR is, and the closer the working band of SPR is to the shorter wavelength direction. By electrofusion, we fabricated an S-type structure on the single-mode fiber, and by the S-type structure, the high-order cladding mode was excited. A 50 nm gold film was coated on the surface of the fiber cladding behind the S-type structure. The evanescent field of the cladding mode contacted the gold film to produce SPR, and the strain can change the vertical axis offset of the S-type fiber and further change the incidence angle of SPR; hence an S-type fiber strain sensor based on SPR was realized. When the refractive index of the ambient medium is 1.345 RIU, the vertical axis offset and length of the S-shaped structure are 87 and 501 µm, respectively, the resonance wavelength of the fiber SPR strain sensor changes from 648.06 to 631.77 nm with a strain detection range of ${0 - 1200}\;\unicode{x00B5}\unicode{x03B5}$, and its sensitivity is ${-}{14.38}\;{\rm pm}/\unicode{x00B5}\unicode{x03B5}$. The proposed sensor provides a new solution for the strain measurement of the fiber SPR sensor, which is expected to be used in the fields of engineering, health monitoring, and early warning.

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