Multipass lock-in thermography for the study of optical coating absorption

Camille Petite; Camille Petite; Rémi Marcouillé; Antonin Moreau; Hélène Krol; Catherine Grèzes-Besset; Julien Lumeau; Laurent Gallais

doi:10.1364/AO.445045

Applied Optics
Vol. 61,
Issue 4,
pp. 978-988
(2022)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.445045

Multipass lock-in thermography for the study of optical coating absorption

Camille Petite, Rémi Marcouillé, Antonin Moreau, Hélène Krol, Catherine Grèzes-Besset, Julien Lumeau, and Laurent Gallais

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Camille Petite, Rémi Marcouillé, Antonin Moreau, Hélène Krol, Catherine Grèzes-Besset, Julien Lumeau, and Laurent Gallais, "Multipass lock-in thermography for the study of optical coating absorption," Appl. Opt. 61, 978-988 (2022)

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Abstract

The development of high-power lasers requires optics with very low absorption to avoid detrimental thermal effects. In this work, we discuss our recent developments on the use of lock-in thermography to measure absorption. We apply this technique in a multipass configuration to increase the effective power on the tested samples. We present a system based on a kW-class ytterbium fiber laser operating at 1.07 µm wavelength, which enables exposing samples to 5 kW effective power and measuring absorption in the ppm range. The implementation, calibration procedure, and obtained performance are discussed with some applications to single-layer coatings of ${\rm{Hf}}{{\rm{O}}_2},\;{\rm{T}}{{\rm{a}}_2}{{\rm{O}}_5},\;{\rm{Ti}}{{\rm{O}}_2},\;{\rm{N}}{{\rm{b}}_2}{{\rm{O}}_5}$, and ${\rm{Si}}{{\rm{O}}_2}$ deposited by plasma-assisted electron beam deposition.

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Data Availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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	Absorption (ppm)	Scattering (ppm)
S1	$N b_{2} O_{5}$	$25 \pm 3$
S2	$155 \pm 25$	$34 \pm 4$
S3	$144 \pm 25$	$22 \pm 2$
S4	$155 \pm 25$	$20 \pm 2$
S5	$112 \pm 25$	$17 \pm 2$
S6	$205 \pm 25$	$21 \pm 2$
S7	$58 \pm 25$	$24 \pm 3$
S8	$243 \pm 25$	$13 \pm 1$
S9	$146 \pm 25$	$19 \pm 2$
S10	$162 \pm 25$	$21 \pm 2$
S11	$245 \pm 25$	$23 \pm 3$

	Absorption (ppm)	Scattering (ppm)
Run 1	${N b}_{2} O_{5}$	$21 \pm 2$
Run 2	$159 \pm 25$	$28 \pm 3$
Run 3	$320 \pm 25$	$17 \pm 2$
Run 4	$192 \pm 25$	$42 \pm 5$
Run 5	$596 \pm 25$	$34 \pm 4$
Run 6	$324 \pm 25$	$49 \pm 5$

	Absorption (ppm)
Materials	300 nm	600 nm	Refractive Index
${S i O}_{2}$	$H f O_{2}$	$18 \pm 2$	1.89
$29 \pm 3$	$T a_{2} O_{5}$	$2.4 \pm 0.3$	2.12
$18 \pm 2$	$T i O_{2}$	$27 \pm 3$	2.25
$33 \pm 4$	$N b_{2} O_{5}$	$21 \pm 2$	2.20
$21 \pm 2$	$S i O_{2}$	$5.1 \pm 0.6$	1.48

		Absorption Measurements (ppm)
Materials	Annealing Time	As Deposited	Annealed	Refractive Index Variation	Thickness Variation (%)
$N b_{2} O_{5}$	1 h	26	9	$T a_{2} O_{5}$	−0.93
	3 h	25	13	$+ 7.9 \times 1 0^{- 3}$	−0.87
	6 h	25	10	$+ 6.6 \times 1 0^{- 3}$	−0.87
$+ 6.5 \times 1 0^{- 3}$	1 h	22	19	$N b_{2} O_{5}$	−1.4
	3 h	34	25	$+ 1.9 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	−1.6
	6 h	25	22	$+ 2.2 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	−1.9

	Absorption (ppm)	Scattering (ppm)
S1	$N b_{2} O_{5}$	$25 \pm 3$
S2	$155 \pm 25$	$34 \pm 4$
S3	$144 \pm 25$	$22 \pm 2$
S4	$155 \pm 25$	$20 \pm 2$
S5	$112 \pm 25$	$17 \pm 2$
S6	$205 \pm 25$	$21 \pm 2$
S7	$58 \pm 25$	$24 \pm 3$
S8	$243 \pm 25$	$13 \pm 1$
S9	$146 \pm 25$	$19 \pm 2$
S10	$162 \pm 25$	$21 \pm 2$
S11	$245 \pm 25$	$23 \pm 3$

Abstract

Data Availability

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Figures (11)

Tables (4)

Equations (10)

Applied Optics