Design of a panoramic annular lens system with an ultra-wide angle via an annular Gaussian radial basis function freeform surface

Yingzhe Yang; Jia Wang; Yuejia Li; Jian Bai

doi:10.1364/AO.488917

Applied Optics
Vol. 62,
Issue 15,
pp. 3941-3947
(2023)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.488917

Design of a panoramic annular lens system with an ultra-wide angle via an annular Gaussian radial basis function freeform surface

Yingzhe Yang, Jia Wang, Yuejia Li, and Jian Bai

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Yingzhe Yang, Jia Wang, Yuejia Li, and Jian Bai, "Design of a panoramic annular lens system with an ultra-wide angle via an annular Gaussian radial basis function freeform surface," Appl. Opt. 62, 3941-3947 (2023)

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Abstract

The panoramic annular lens (PAL) system can capture plentiful scene information in real time. The locally described freeform surface can provide more degrees of freedom for the optical system design than the globally described one. In this paper, we propose a locally described annular Gaussian radial basis function freeform surface that enables a high-performance yet compact PAL system. The designed PAL system achieves an ultra-wide field of view (FOV) of $({30}^\circ {\sim}{125}^\circ) \times {360}^\circ$. The F-theta distortion of the system is less than 3%, and the modulation transfer function across the whole FOV is greater than 0.5 at 100 lp/mm. The proposed system can be implemented for various applications such as video conferencing or robotic navigation.

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Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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System Parameter	Value
Working spectrum	$486 \sim 656 n m$
Effective focal length	−0.65 mm
FOV	$(30^{\circ} \sim 125^{\circ}) \times 360^{\circ}$
F-number	2.5
Total length	28.63 mm

Tolerance Items	Value
Radius (fringe)	$\leq 3$
Thickness (mm)	$\pm 0.01$
Surface decenter (mm)	$\pm 0.01$
Surface tilt (arc min)	$\pm 1$
Element decenter (mm)	$\pm 0.01$
Element tilt (arc min)	$\pm 1$
Index	$\pm 0.001$
Abbe number (%)	$\pm 0.5$

Surface Type	MTF (100° at 100 lp/mm)	MTF (125° at 100 lp/mm)	Maximum Distortion
Even asphere	0.54	0.37	$< 1.0 %$
$Q$ -type polynomial	0.57	0.25	$< 2.5 %$
Zernike polynomial	0.57	0.24	$< 2.1 %$
Annular Gaussian RBF freeform	0.63	0.52	$< 3.0 %$

System Parameter	Value
Working spectrum	$486 \sim 656 n m$
Effective focal length	−0.65 mm
FOV	$(30^{\circ} \sim 125^{\circ}) \times 360^{\circ}$
F-number	2.5
Total length	28.63 mm

Tolerance Items	Value
Radius (fringe)	$\leq 3$
Thickness (mm)	$\pm 0.01$
Surface decenter (mm)	$\pm 0.01$
Surface tilt (arc min)	$\pm 1$
Element decenter (mm)	$\pm 0.01$
Element tilt (arc min)	$\pm 1$
Index	$\pm 0.001$
Abbe number (%)	$\pm 0.5$

Abstract

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Figures (12)

Tables (3)

Equations (12)

Applied Optics